Levetiracetam (All indications) updated on 04-22-2025

Digestive system anomalies

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S17500
R73535		 Wiggs (Epilepsy) (Levetiracetam), 2024 Digestive system malformations early pregnancy population based cohort retrospective unexposed, sick Adjustment: Yes 1.70 [0.28;10.11] -/185   -/9,364 - 185
ref
S12825
R48279		 Thomas (Levetiracetam) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2021 Gastro-intestinal malformations 1st trimester prospective cohort exposed to other treatment, sick excluded Adjustment: No 0.47 [0.01;23.99] C
excluded (control group) 		0/106   0/50 0 106
ref
S12827
R48291		 Thomas (Levetiracetam) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2021 Gastro-intestinal malformations 1st trimester prospective cohort unexposed, sick Adjustment: No 1.07 [0.04;26.45] C 0/106   1/340 1 106
ref
S9002
R30580		 Morrow (Levetiracetam) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2006 Gastrointestinal tract defects 1st trimester prospective cohort exposed to other treatment, sick Adjustment: No 4.28 [0.21;85.39] C 0/22   3/647 3 22
ref
Total 3 studies 1.90 [0.47;7.61] 4 313
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Wiggs (Epilepsy) (Levetiracetam), 2024Wiggs, 2024 1 1.70[0.28; 10.11]-18560%ROB confusion: seriousROB selection: moderateROB classification: moderateROB missing: lowROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Thomas (Levetiracetam) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2021Thomas, 2021 2 1.07[0.04; 26.45]110619%ROB confusion: seriousROB selection: moderateROB classification: moderateROB missing: unclearROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Morrow (Levetiracetam) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2006Morrow, 2006 3 4.28[0.21; 85.39]32221%ROB confusion: NAROB selection: NAROB classification: NAROB missing: NAROB mesure: NAROB reporting: NA Total (3 studies) I2 = 0% 1.90[0.47; 7.61]43130.510.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

1: Epilepsy) (Levetiracetam; 2: Levetiracetam) (Controls unexposed, sick; 3: Levetiracetam) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick;

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 1.90[0.47; 7.61]43130%NAWiggs (Epilepsy) (Levetiracetam), 2024 Thomas (Levetiracetam) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2021 Morrow (Levetiracetam) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2006 3 case control studiescase control studies 0 Type of controls unexposed, sickunexposed, sick 1.52[0.32; 7.28]12910%NAWiggs (Epilepsy) (Levetiracetam), 2024 Thomas (Levetiracetam) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2021 2 exposed to other treatment, sickexposed to other treatment, sick 4.28[0.21; 85.39]322 -NAMorrow (Levetiracetam) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2006 1 Tags Adjustment   - No  - No 2.24[0.25; 20.02]41280%NAThomas (Levetiracetam) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2021 Morrow (Levetiracetam) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2006 2   - Yes  - Yes 1.70[0.28; 10.22]-185 -NAWiggs (Epilepsy) (Levetiracetam), 2024 1 All studiesAll studies 1.90[0.47; 7.61]43130%NAWiggs (Epilepsy) (Levetiracetam), 2024 Thomas (Levetiracetam) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2021 Morrow (Levetiracetam) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2006 30.510.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded 12825

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed, sick controlsunexposed, sick controls 1.52[0.32; 7.28]12910%NAWiggs (Epilepsy) (Levetiracetam), 2024 Thomas (Levetiracetam) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2021 2 exposed to other treatment, sick controlsexposed to other treatment, sick controls 1.90[0.18; 20.60]31280%NAThomas (Levetiracetam) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2021 Morrow (Levetiracetam) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2006 20.510.01.0