| id | Study | Lib. in paper | Exposition period | Study type |
Control type |
Tags | OR 95%CI | x1/n1 x0/n0 | no cases | no exposed | ROB | Ref. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| S19382 R82291 |
Straub (Controls exposed to LTG) (Valproate) (Epilepsy), 2026 | Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) - ICD-10 codes: F90.x - Mean follow up (full cohort): 3.4 years | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | retrospective cohort (claims database) | exposed to other treatment, sick excluded | Adjustment: No |
3.00 [2.19;4.11] C excluded (control group) |
70/796 102/3,273 | 172 | 796 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| S19374 R82203 |
Straub (Controls unexposed, sick) (Valproate) (Epilepsy), 2026 | Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) - ICD-10 codes: F90.x - Mean follow up (full cohort): 3.4 years | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | retrospective cohort (claims database) | unexposed, sick | Adjustment: Yes | 1.14 [0.86;1.49] | 70/796 366/8,887 | 436 | 796 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| S17423 R73165 |
Madley-Dowd_SE (Valproate) (Controls exposed to LTG) (Mixed indications), 2024 | Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder - ICD-8/9/10 codes and/or ADHD medication prescription - Mean 5-20 years old (according groups) | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | population based cohort retrospective | exposed to other treatment, sick excluded | Adjustment: Yes Partial overlapping |
1.38 [1.13;1.68] excluded (control group) |
164/1,178 243/5,035 | 407 | 1,178 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| S17424 R73171 |
Madley-Dowd_SE (Valproate) (Controls unexposed, general pop) (Mixed indications), 2024 | Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder - ICD-8/9/10 codes and/or ADHD medication prescription - Mean 5-20 years old (according groups) | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | population based cohort retrospective | unexposed (general population or NOS) | Adjustment: Yes Partial overlapping | 1.18 [1.01;1.39] | 164/1,178 147,608/2,651,210 | 147,772 | 1,178 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| S17425 R73177 |
Madley-Dowd_SE (Valproate) (Controls unexposed, sibling) (Mixed indications), 2024 | Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder - ICD-8/9/10 codes and/or ADHD medication prescription - Mean 5-20 years old (according groups) | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | population based cohort retrospective | sibling excluded | Adjustment: Yes Partial overlapping |
1.26 [0.81;1.96] excluded (control group) |
-/- -/- | - | - |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| S17286 R72342 |
Madley-Dowd_UK (Valproate) (Controls exposed to LTG) (Mixed indications), 2024 | Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder - ICD10 codes and/or ADHD medication prescription - Median follow up 9.32 (5.54-12.83) years old | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | retrospective cohort (claims database) | exposed to other treatment, sick excluded | Adjustment: Yes |
0.90 [0.38;2.15] excluded (control group) |
10/423 14/939 | 24 | 423 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| S17271 R72299 |
Madley-Dowd_UK (Valproate) (Controls unexposed, general pop) (Mixed indications), 2024 | Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder - ICD10 codes and/or ADHD medication prescription - Median follow up 9.32 (5.54-12.83) years old | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | retrospective cohort (claims database) | unexposed (general population or NOS) | Adjustment: Yes | 1.48 [0.71;3.07] | 10/423 4,794/514,066 | 4,804 | 423 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| S17279 R72324 |
Madley-Dowd_UK (Valproate) (Controls unexposed, sibling) (Mixed indications), 2024 | Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder - ICD10 codes and/or ADHD medication prescription - Median follow up 9.32 (5.54-12.83) years old | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | retrospective cohort (claims database) | sibling excluded | Adjustment: Yes |
4.00 [1.39;11.47] excluded (control group) |
-/- -/- | - | - |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| S15237 R62630 |
Dreier (Valproate) (Epilepsy) (Controls exposed to LTG), 2023 | Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) - Corresponding ICD-10 F-chapter - Up to 22 years of age | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | population based cohort propective | exposed to other treatment, sick excluded | Adjustment: No |
3.14 [2.37;4.16] C excluded (control group) |
106/1,952 95/5,288 | 201 | 1,952 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| S15228 R62513 |
Dreier (Valproate) (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2023 | Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) - Corresponding ICD-10 F-chapter - Up to 22 years of age | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | population based cohort propective | unexposed, sick | Adjustment: Yes | 1.41 [1.10;1.81] | 106/1,952 528/22,203 | 634 | 1,952 |
|
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| S9404 R32953 |
Huber-Mollema (Valproate), 2019 | Diagnosis of ADHD | throughout pregnancy | prospective cohort | exposed to other treatment, sick | Adjustment: No | 1.38 [0.25;7.58] C | 2/26 5/88 | 7 | 26 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| S9377 R32811 |
Bromley (Valproate) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2013 | Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (at 6 years old) | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | prospective cohort | exposed to other treatment, sick excluded | Adjustment: No |
0.60 [0.01;30.84] C excluded (control group) |
0/50 0/30 | 0 | 50 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| S9380 R32827 |
Bromley (Valproate) (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2013 | Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (at 6 years old) | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | prospective cohort | unexposed, disease free excluded | Adjustment: No |
4.31 [0.08;220.05] C excluded (control group) |
0/50 0/214 | 0 | 50 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| S9383 R32843 |
Bromley (Valproate) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2013 | Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (at 6 years old) | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | prospective cohort | unexposed, sick | Adjustment: No | 0.52 [0.01;26.73] C | 0/50 0/26 | 0 | 50 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| S9390 R32860 |
Cohen (Valproate), 2013 | Children with either ADHD inattentive OR combined types > 1 SD (from the Attention Problems and Hyperactivity scales of the BASC) (Both Parent and Teacher) | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | prospective cohort | exposed to other treatment, sick | Adjustment: No | 1.84 [0.46;7.35] C | 6/28 4/31 | 10 | 28 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| S9278 R32186 |
Adab (Valproate), 2004 | Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | retrospective cohort | unexposed, sick | Adjustment: No | 8.31 [0.39;175.93] C | 2/63 0/101 | 2 | 63 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | 8 studies | 1.24 [1.10;1.39] | 153,665 | 4,516 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1: Controls unexposed, sick) (Valproate) (Epilepsy; 2: Valproate) (Controls unexposed, general pop) (Mixed indications; 3: Valproate) (Controls unexposed, general pop) (Mixed indications; 4: Valproate) (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, sick; 5: Valproate; 6: Valproate) (Controls unexposed, sick; 7: Valproate; 8: Valproate;
Asymetry test p-value = 0.2327 (by Egger's regression)
slope=0.1522 (0.0621); intercept=0.4830 (0.3639); t=1.3272; p=0.2327
excluded 9377, 9380, 15237, 17423, 17425, 17286, 17279, 19382