Primidone AND Phenobarbital (All indications) updated on 04-22-2025

Craniosynostosis

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S10043
R36337		 Blotière (Phenobarbital) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick) (Mixed indications), 2019 Craniosynostosis 1st trimester retrospective cohort (claims database) exposed to other treatment, sick excluded Adjustment: No 37.69 [0.74;1911.73] C
excluded (control group) 		0/80   0/2,997 0 80
ref
S10044
R36360		 Blotière (Phenobarbital) (Controls unexposed NOS) (Mixed indications), 2019 Craniosynostosis 1st trimester retrospective cohort (claims database) unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: No 15.38 [0.95;248.35] C 0/80   766/1,875,733 766 80
ref
S9488
R33376		 D'Souza (Phenobarbital) (Controls unexposed, disease free), 1991 Cranyosynostosis (saggital suture) throughout pregnancy prospective cohort unexposed, disease free excluded Adjustment: No Matched 17.57 [0.30;1024.08] C
excluded (control group) 		0/4   0/62 0 4
ref
S9489
R33405		 D'Souza (Phenobarbital) (Controls unexposed, sick), 1991 Cranyosynostosis (saggital suture) throughout pregnancy prospective cohort unexposed, sick Adjustment: No 2.14 [0.03;131.94] C 0/4   0/8 0 4
ref
Total 2 studies 8.30 [0.83;83.23] 766 84
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Blotière (Phenobarbital) (Controls unexposed NOS) (Mixed indications), 2019Blotière, 2019 1 15.38[0.95; 248.35]7668069%ROB confusion: NAROB selection: NAROB classification: NAROB missing: NAROB mesure: NAROB reporting: NA D'Souza (Phenobarbital) (Controls unexposed, sick), 1991D'Souza, 1991 2 2.14[0.03; 131.94]0431%ROB confusion: NAROB selection: NAROB classification: NAROB missing: NAROB mesure: NAROB reporting: NA Total (2 studies) I2 = 0% 8.30[0.83; 83.23]766840.950.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

1: Phenobarbital) (Controls unexposed NOS) (Mixed indications; 2: Phenobarbital) (Controls unexposed, sick;

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 8.30[0.83; 83.23]766840%NABlotière (Phenobarbital) (Controls unexposed NOS) (Mixed indications), 2019 D'Souza (Phenobarbital) (Controls unexposed, sick), 1991 2 case control studiescase control studies 0 Type of controls unexposed (disease free or unspecified)unexposed (disease free or unspecified) 15.38[0.95; 248.35]76680 -NABlotière (Phenobarbital) (Controls unexposed NOS) (Mixed indications), 2019 1 unexposed, sickunexposed, sick 2.14[0.03; 131.94]-4 -NAD'Souza (Phenobarbital) (Controls unexposed, sick), 1991 1 Tags Adjustment   - No  - No 8.30[0.83; 83.23]766840%NABlotière (Phenobarbital) (Controls unexposed NOS) (Mixed indications), 2019 D'Souza (Phenobarbital) (Controls unexposed, sick), 1991 2 All studiesAll studies 8.30[0.83; 83.23]766840%NABlotière (Phenobarbital) (Controls unexposed NOS) (Mixed indications), 2019 D'Souza (Phenobarbital) (Controls unexposed, sick), 1991 20.550.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded 9488, 10043

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified)unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified) Out of scale16.05[1.62; 159.38]766840%NABlotière (Phenobarbital) (Controls unexposed NOS) (Mixed indications), 2019 D'Souza (Phenobarbital) (Controls unexposed, disease free), 1991 2 unexposed, sick controlsunexposed, sick controls 2.14[0.03; 131.94]-4 -NAD'Souza (Phenobarbital) (Controls unexposed, sick), 1991 1 exposed to other treatment, sick controlsexposed to other treatment, sick controls Out of scale37.69[0.74; 1911.73]-80 -NABlotière (Phenobarbital) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick) (Mixed indications), 2019 10.510.01.0