Carbamazepine (All indications) updated on 04-22-2025

Genital anomalies

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S17486
R73500		 Wiggs (Epilepsy) (Carbamazepine), 2024 Genital organ malformations early pregnancy population based cohort retrospective unexposed, sick Adjustment: Yes 1.54 [0.93;2.55] -/1,456   -/12,666 - 1,456
ref
S9763
R34866		 Ban (Carbamazepine) (Mixed indications) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2015 Genital system anomaly 1st trimester prospective cohort exposed to other treatment, sick excluded Adjustment: No 1.60 [0.14;17.69] C
excluded (control group) 		2/343   1/273 3 343
ref
S9764
R34872		 Ban (Carbamazepine) (Mixed indications) (Controls unexposed NOS), 2015 Genital system anomaly 1st trimester prospective cohort unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: No 1.47 [0.37;5.90] C 2/343   1,023/257,153 1,025 343
ref
S9643
R34309		 Veiby (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick) (Mixed indications), 2014 Genital throughout pregnancy population based cohort retrospective exposed to other treatment, sick Adjustment: No 1.83 [0.51;6.52] C 6/685   4/833 10 685
ref
S9652
R34351		 Artama (Carbamazepine), 2005 Genital organs 1st trimester retrospective cohort (registry) unexposed, sick Adjustment: No 0.93 [0.25;3.49] C 4/805   5/939 9 805
ref
Total 4 studies 1.48 [0.97;2.26] 1,044 3,289
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Wiggs (Epilepsy) (Carbamazepine), 2024Wiggs, 2024 1 1.54[0.93; 2.55]-1,45670%ROB confusion: seriousROB selection: moderateROB classification: moderateROB missing: lowROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Ban (Carbamazepine) (Mixed indications) (Controls unexposed NOS), 2015Ban, 2015 2 1.47[0.37; 5.90]1,0253439%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: moderateROB classification: criticalROB missing: unclearROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Veiby (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick) (Mixed indications), 2014Veiby, 2014 3 1.83[0.51; 6.52]1068511%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: moderateROB classification: moderateROB missing: moderateROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Artama (Carbamazepine), 2005Artama, 2005 4 0.93[0.25; 3.49]980510%ROB confusion: NAROB selection: NAROB classification: NAROB missing: NAROB mesure: NAROB reporting: NA Total (4 studies) I2 = 0% 1.48[0.97; 2.26]1,0443,2890.25.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

1: Epilepsy) (Carbamazepine; 2: Carbamazepine) (Mixed indications) (Controls unexposed NOS; 3: Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick) (Mixed indications; 4: Carbamazepine;

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 1.48[0.97; 2.26]1,0443,2890%NAWiggs (Epilepsy) (Carbamazepine), 2024 Ban (Carbamazepine) (Mixed indications) (Controls unexposed NOS), 2015 Veiby (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick) (Mixed indications), 2014 Artama (Carbamazepine), 2005 4 case control studiescase control studies 0 Type of controls unexposed (disease free or unspecified)unexposed (disease free or unspecified) 1.47[0.37; 5.90]1,025343 -NABan (Carbamazepine) (Mixed indications) (Controls unexposed NOS), 2015 1 unexposed, sickunexposed, sick 1.44[0.90; 2.31]92,2610%NAWiggs (Epilepsy) (Carbamazepine), 2024 Artama (Carbamazepine), 2005 2 exposed to other treatment, sickexposed to other treatment, sick 1.83[0.51; 6.52]10685 -NAVeiby (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick) (Mixed indications), 2014 1 Tags Adjustment   - No  - No 1.37[0.64; 2.93]1,0441,8330%NABan (Carbamazepine) (Mixed indications) (Controls unexposed NOS), 2015 Veiby (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick) (Mixed indications), 2014 Artama (Carbamazepine), 2005 3   - Yes  - Yes 1.54[0.93; 2.55]-1,456 -NAWiggs (Epilepsy) (Carbamazepine), 2024 1 All studiesAll studies 1.48[0.97; 2.26]1,0443,2890%NAWiggs (Epilepsy) (Carbamazepine), 2024 Ban (Carbamazepine) (Mixed indications) (Controls unexposed NOS), 2015 Veiby (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick) (Mixed indications), 2014 Artama (Carbamazepine), 2005 40.25.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot
0.0-1.72.10.8520.000Wiggs (Epilepsy) (Carbamazepine), 2024Ban (Carbamazepine) (Mixed indications) (Controls unexposed NOS), 2015Veiby (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick) (Mixed indications), 2014Artama (Carbamazepine), 2005

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot
0.01.00.01.0

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded 9763

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified)unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified) 1.47[0.37; 5.90]1,025343 -NABan (Carbamazepine) (Mixed indications) (Controls unexposed NOS), 2015 1 unexposed, sick controlsunexposed, sick controls 1.44[0.90; 2.31]92,2610%NAWiggs (Epilepsy) (Carbamazepine), 2024 Artama (Carbamazepine), 2005 2 exposed to other treatment, sick controlsexposed to other treatment, sick controls 1.78[0.58; 5.46]131,0280%NABan (Carbamazepine) (Mixed indications) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2015 Veiby (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick) (Mixed indications), 2014 20.510.01.0