Carbamazepine (All indications) updated on 04-22-2025

Low birth weight (< 2500g)

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type  Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S16066
R66673
Christensen (Carbamazepine) (All indications) (Controls exposed to LTG), 2024 Low birth weight (<2500 g) during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) population based cohort retrospective exposed to other treatment, sick excluded Adjustment: No 1.30 [1.09;1.55] C
excluded (control group)
198/3,424   395/8,756 593 3,424
ref
S16019
R66498
Christensen (Carbamazepine) (All indications) (Controls unexposed, general population), 2024 Low birth weight (<2500 g) during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) population based cohort retrospective unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: Yes 1.46 [1.25;1.71] 198/3,424   141,442/4,467,848 141,640 3,424
ref
S18076
R76123
Leite (Carbamazepine) (Epilepsy), 2024 Low birth weight during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) retrospective cohort unexposed, disease free Adjustment: No 2.42 [0.86;6.77] -/29   111/492 - 29
ref
S9776
R34958
Coste (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick) (Mixed indications), 2020 Weight at birth <2500 g during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) retrospective cohort (claims database) exposed to other treatment, sick excluded Adjustment: No 1.15 [0.79;1.67] C
excluded (control group)
35/502   179/2,916 214 502
ref
S9777
R34976
Coste (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, NOS) (Mixed indications), 2020 Weight at birth <2500 g during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) retrospective cohort (claims database) unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: No 1.26 [0.87;1.81] C 31/468   91,172/1,707,707 91,203 468
ref
S9743
R34761
Veiby (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick) b, 2013 Low birth weight (< 2500 grams) during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) prospective cohort exposed to other treatment, sick excluded Adjustment: No 1.30 [0.38;4.46] C
excluded (control group)
5/67   6/103 11 67
ref
S9745
R34780
Veiby (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, disease free) b, 2013 Low birth weight (< 2500 grams) during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) prospective cohort unexposed, disease free excluded Adjustment: Yes 1.80 [0.70;4.40]
excluded (control group)
5/67   5,024/106,899 5,029 67
ref
S9746
R34794
Veiby (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick) b, 2013 Low birth weight (< 2500 grams) during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) prospective cohort unexposed, sick Adjustment: No 1.86 [0.66;5.27] C 5/67   16/386 21 67
ref
S9669
R34418
Kini (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2006 Birth weight <2500 g during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) retrospective cohort unexposed, sick Adjustment: No 0.27 [0.07;1.00] C 3/94   11/101 14 94
ref
Total 5 studies 1.35 [0.96;1.90] 232,878 4,082
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Christensen (Carbamazepine) (All indications) (Controls unexposed, general population), 2024Christensen, 2024 1 1.46[1.25; 1.71]141,6403,42445%ROB confusion: seriousROB selection: lowROB classification: moderateROB missing: lowROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Leite (Carbamazepine) (Epilepsy), 2024Leite, 2024 2 2.42[0.86; 6.77]-299%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: unclearROB classification: criticalROB missing: unclearROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: critical Coste (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, NOS) (Mixed indications), 2020Coste, 2020 3 1.26[0.87; 1.81]91,20346832%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: moderateROB classification: criticalROB missing: moderateROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Veiby (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick) b, 2013Veiby, 2013 4 1.86[0.66; 5.27]21679%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: lowROB classification: lowROB missing: moderateROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Kini (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2006Kini, 2006 5 0.27[0.07; 1.00]14946%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: criticalROB classification: lowROB missing: unclearROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Total (5 studies) I2 = 50% 1.35[0.96; 1.90]232,8784,0820.25.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

1: Carbamazepine) (All indications) (Controls unexposed, general population; 2: Carbamazepine) (Epilepsy; 3: Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, NOS) (Mixed indications; 4: Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick) ; 5: Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick;

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 1.35[0.96; 1.90]232,8784,08250%NAChristensen (Carbamazepine) (All indications) (Controls unexposed, general population), 2024 Leite (Carbamazepine) (Epilepsy), 2024 Coste (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, NOS) (Mixed indications), 2020 Veiby (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick) b, 2013 Kini (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2006 5 case control studiescase control studies 0 Type of controls unexposed (disease free or unspecified)unexposed (disease free or unspecified) 1.44[1.25; 1.66]232,8433,9210%NAChristensen (Carbamazepine) (All indications) (Controls unexposed, general population), 2024 Leite (Carbamazepine) (Epilepsy), 2024 Coste (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, NOS) (Mixed indications), 2020 3 unexposed, sickunexposed, sick 0.74[0.11; 4.91]3516181%NAVeiby (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick) b, 2013 Kini (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2006 2 Tags Adjustment   - No  - No 1.22[0.61; 2.43]91,23865859%NALeite (Carbamazepine) (Epilepsy), 2024 Coste (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, NOS) (Mixed indications), 2020 Veiby (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick) b, 2013 Kini (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2006 4   - Yes  - Yes 1.46[1.25; 1.71]141,6403,424 -NAChristensen (Carbamazepine) (All indications) (Controls unexposed, general population), 2024 1 All studiesAll studies 1.35[0.96; 1.90]232,8784,08250%NAChristensen (Carbamazepine) (All indications) (Controls unexposed, general population), 2024 Leite (Carbamazepine) (Epilepsy), 2024 Coste (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, NOS) (Mixed indications), 2020 Veiby (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick) b, 2013 Kini (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2006 50.15.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot
0.0-1.61.90.8020.000Christensen (Carbamazepine) (All indications) (Controls unexposed, general population), 2024Leite (Carbamazepine) (Epilepsy), 2024Coste (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, NOS) (Mixed indications), 2020Veiby (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick) b, 2013Kini (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2006

Asymetry test p-value = 0.6258 (by Egger's regression)

slope=0.4178 (0.1668); intercept=-0.5639 (1.0415); t=0.5414; p=0.6258

p values plot
0.01.00.01.0

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded 9743, 9745, 9776, 16066

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified)unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified) 1.45[1.26; 1.67]237,9743,9880%NAChristensen (Carbamazepine) (All indications) (Controls unexposed, general population), 2024 Leite (Carbamazepine) (Epilepsy), 2024 Coste (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, NOS) (Mixed indications), 2020 Veiby (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, disease free) b, 2013 4 unexposed, sick controlsunexposed, sick controls 0.74[0.11; 4.91]3516181%NAVeiby (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick) b, 2013 Kini (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2006 2 exposed to other treatment, sick controlsexposed to other treatment, sick controls 1.27[1.09; 1.49]8183,9930%NAChristensen (Carbamazepine) (All indications) (Controls exposed to LTG), 2024 Coste (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick) (Mixed indications), 2020 Veiby (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick) b, 2013 30.510.01.0