Citalopram updated on 07-01-2025

Respiratory system anomalies

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S7351
R21527		 Wemakor, 2015 Respiratory system anomalies 1st trimester case control unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: No Monotherapy: substance alone among all Antidep (SSRI, SNRI, ...) 1.74 [0.41;7.45] C 2/22   981/18,044 983 22
ref
S5884
R14737		 Ban (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2014 Respiratory system malformations 1st trimester retrospective cohort (claims database) unexposed, disease free Adjustment: Yes Monotherapy: substance alone among the specific class of antidep (SSRI, SNRI, ...) 0.79 [0.11;5.69] -/1,946   205/325,294 - 1,946
ref
S6014
R15495		 Jimenez-Solem (Controls unexposed, NOS), 2012 Malformations of the respiratory system 1st trimester population based cohort retrospective unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: Yes Monotherapy: substance alone among the specific class of antidep (SSRI, SNRI, ...) 1.03 [0.26;4.11] 2/1,606   -/843,797 - 1,606
ref
S7179
R20210		 Colvin, 2011 Respiratory system defects 1st trimester retrospective cohort (claims database) unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: No Monotherapy: substance alone among the specific class of antidep (SSRI, SNRI, ...) 0.72 [0.04;11.65] C 0/775   84/94,561 84 775
ref
S6241
R16482		 Malm, 2011 Respiratory tract 1st trimester population based cohort retrospective unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: Yes Monotherapy: no or not specified 0.44 [0.11;1.80] -/2,799   -/628,607 - 2,799
ref
Total 5 studies 0.88 [0.42;1.82] 1,067 7,148
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Wemakor, 2015Wemakor, 2015 1.74[0.41; 7.45]9832225%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: criticalROB classification: moderateROB missing: lowROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Ban (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2014Ban, 2014 1 0.79[0.11; 5.69]-1,94614%ROB confusion: seriousROB selection: moderateROB classification: criticalROB missing: lowROB mesure: criticalROB reporting: moderate Jimenez-Solem (Controls unexposed, NOS), 2012Jimenez-Solem, 2012 2 1.03[0.26; 4.11]-1,60628%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: moderateROB classification: criticalROB missing: lowROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: critical Colvin, 2011Colvin, 2011 0.72[0.04; 11.65]847757%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: moderateROB classification: criticalROB missing: unclearROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Malm, 2011Malm, 2011 0.44[0.11; 1.80]-2,79927%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: lowROB classification: criticalROB missing: lowROB mesure: criticalROB reporting: moderate Total (5 studies) I2 = 0% 0.88[0.42; 1.82]1,0677,1480.25.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

1: Controls unexposed, disease free; 2: Controls unexposed, NOS;

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 0.70[0.30; 1.62]847,1260%NABan (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2014 Jimenez-Solem (Controls unexposed, NOS), 2012 Colvin, 2011 Malm, 2011 4 case control studiescase control studies 1.74[0.41; 7.45]98322 -NAWemakor, 2015 1 Type of controls unexposed (disease free or unspecified)unexposed (disease free or unspecified) 0.88[0.42; 1.82]1,0677,1480%NAWemakor, 2015 Ban (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2014 Jimenez-Solem (Controls unexposed, NOS), 2012 Colvin, 2011 Malm, 2011 5 Tags Adjustment   - No  - No 1.44[0.40; 5.23]1,0677970%NAWemakor, 2015 Colvin, 2011 2   - Yes  - Yes 0.70[0.29; 1.68]-6,3510%NABan (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2014 Jimenez-Solem (Controls unexposed, NOS), 2012 Malm, 2011 3 Monotherapy   - no or not specified  - no or not specified 0.44[0.11; 1.78]-2,799 -NAMalm, 2011 1   - substance alone among all Antidep ( ...  - substance alone among all Antidep (SSRI, SNRI, ...) 1.74[0.41; 7.45]98322 -NAWemakor, 2015 1   - substance alone among the specific ...  - substance alone among the specific class of antidep (SSRI, SNRI, ...) 0.91[0.32; 2.59]844,3270%NABan (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2014 Jimenez-Solem (Controls unexposed, NOS), 2012 Colvin, 2011 3 All studiesAll studies 0.88[0.42; 1.82]1,0677,1480%NAWemakor, 2015 Ban (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2014 Jimenez-Solem (Controls unexposed, NOS), 2012 Colvin, 2011 Malm, 2011 50.25.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot
0.0-3.33.21.7030.000Wemakor, 2015Ban (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2014Jimenez-Solem (Controls unexposed, NOS), 2012Colvin, 2011Malm, 2011

Asymetry test p-value = 0.8823 (by Egger's regression)

slope=0.0659 (1.2495); intercept=-0.2428 (1.5079); t=0.1610; p=0.8823

p values plot
0.01.00.01.0

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified)unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified) 0.88[0.42; 1.82]1,2637,1480%NAWemakor, 2015 Ban (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2014 Jimenez-Solem (Controls unexposed, NOS), 2012 Colvin, 2011 Malm, 2011 50.510.01.0