Methyldopa (versus unexposed) updated on 03-11-2025

Early intrauterine deaths (< 22 weeks) / Spontaneous abortions

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S14335
R56705		 Hoeltzenbein, 2017 Spontaneous abortions (< 500g or >24 gestational weeks) at least 1st trimester prospective cohort unexposed, disease free Adjustment: Yes Indications Antihypertensive: All hypertensions, any indications or not specified 1.44 [0.80;2.80] 21/261   31/526 52 261
ref
S14281
R56176		 Fidler, 1983 Abortions (NOS) during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) prospective cohort unexposed, disease free Adjustment: No Indications Antihypertensive: All hypertensions, any indications or not specified Matched 5.91 [0.24;147.74] C 1/50   0/96 1 50
ref
S14366
R56888		 Redman, 1976 Mid-pregnancy abortions during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) randomized controlled trial unexposed, sick Adjustment: Randomisation Indications Antihypertensive: All hypertensions, any indications or not specified 0.11 [0.01;2.13] C 0/101   4/107 4 101
ref
S14295
R56316		 Leather, 1968 Abortion during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) randomized controlled trial unexposed, sick Adjustment: Randomisation Co-administration Indications Antihypertensive: Only chronic hypertension indication 0.13 [0.01;2.68] C 0/23   3/24 3 23
ref
Total 4 studies 0.74 [0.16;3.55] 60 435
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Hoeltzenbein, 2017Hoeltzenbein, 2017 1.44[0.80; 2.80]5226148%ROB confusion: seriousROB selection: moderateROB classification: moderateROB missing: lowROB mesure: criticalROB reporting: low Fidler, 1983Fidler, 1983 5.91[0.24; 147.74]15016%ROB confusion: seriousROB selection: lowROB classification: moderateROB missing: lowROB mesure: criticalROB reporting: moderate Redman, 1976Redman, 1976 0.11[0.01; 2.13]410118%ROB confusion: lowROB selection: lowROB classification: moderateROB missing: lowROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Leather, 1968Leather, 1968 0.13[0.01; 2.68]32318%ROB confusion: lowROB selection: unclearROB classification: moderateROB missing: lowROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Total (4 studies) I2 = 48% 0.74[0.16; 3.55]604350.020.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 1.52[0.82; 2.80]533110%NAHoeltzenbein, 2017 Fidler, 1983 2 case control studiescase control studies 0 RCTRCT 0.12[0.01; 1.00]71240%NARedman, 1976 Leather, 1968 2 Type of controls unexposed (disease free or unspecified)unexposed (disease free or unspecified) 1.52[0.82; 2.80]533110%NAHoeltzenbein, 2017 Fidler, 1983 2 unexposed, sickunexposed, sick 0.12[0.01; 1.00]71240%NARedman, 1976 Leather, 1968 2 Tags Adjustment   - No  - No 5.91[0.24; 147.74]150 -NAFidler, 1983 1   - Randomisation  - Randomisation 0.12[0.01; 1.00]71240%NARedman, 1976 Leather, 1968 2   - Yes  - Yes 1.44[0.77; 2.69]52261 -NAHoeltzenbein, 2017 1 Co-administrationCo-administration 0.13[0.01; 2.68]323 -NALeather, 1968 1 Indications Antihypertensive   - All hypertensions, any indications ...  - All hypertensions, any indications or not specified 1.10[0.22; 5.56]5741244%NAHoeltzenbein, 2017 Fidler, 1983 Redman, 1976 3   - Only chronic hypertension indication  - Only chronic hypertension indication 0.13[0.01; 2.68]323 -NALeather, 1968 1 MatchedMatched 5.91[0.24; 147.74]150 -NAFidler, 1983 1 All studiesAll studies 0.74[0.16; 3.55]6043548%NAHoeltzenbein, 2017 Fidler, 1983 Redman, 1976 Leather, 1968 40.020.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot
0.0-3.93.61.9710.000Hoeltzenbein, 2017Fidler, 1983Redman, 1976Leather, 1968

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot
0.01.00.01.0

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified)unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified) 1.52[0.82; 2.80]533110%NAHoeltzenbein, 2017 Fidler, 1983 2 unexposed, sick controlsunexposed, sick controls Out of scale0.12[0.01; 1.00]71240%NARedman, 1976 Leather, 1968 20.510.01.0