Hydroxychloroquine (All indications except Antiphospholipid Syndrom)

Neuro-developmental disorders (as a whole)

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S13752
R53555		 Andreoli, 2022 Neurodevelopmental disorders (learning disabilities, attention deficiency and hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorder) - Mean age: 17.1 years (± 9.7) during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) nested case control unexposed, sick Adjustment: No Indication HCQ: Rheumatic diseases as a whole (Systemic lupus erythematosus, Rheumatoid arthritis, Sjogren's syndrome...) 0.47 [0.03;8.25] C 0/26   11/273 11 26
ref
S13666
R53076		 Reynolds, 2022 Developmental delay, attention deficit disorder, special schooling or special needs throughout pregnancy retrospective cohort unexposed, sick Adjustment: No Indication HCQ: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) 0.47 [0.17;1.32] C 6/149   11/135 17 149
ref
Total 2 studies 0.47 [0.18;1.24] 28 175
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Andreoli, 2022Andreoli, 2022 0.47[0.03; 8.25]112611%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: moderateROB classification: criticalROB missing: unclearROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Reynolds, 2022Reynolds, 2022 0.47[0.17; 1.32]1714989%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: unclearROB classification: moderateROB missing: lowROB mesure: criticalROB reporting: moderate Total (2 studies) I2 = 0% 0.47[0.18; 1.24]281750.22.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 0.47[0.17; 1.32]17149 -NAReynolds, 2022 1 case control studiescase control studies 0.47[0.03; 8.25]1126 -NAAndreoli, 2022 1 Type of controls unexposed, sickunexposed, sick 0.47[0.18; 1.24]281750%NAAndreoli, 2022 Reynolds, 2022 2 Tags Adjustment   - No  - No 0.47[0.18; 1.24]281750%NAAndreoli, 2022 Reynolds, 2022 2 Indication HCQ   - Rheumatic diseases as a whole (Syst ...  - Rheumatic diseases as a whole (Systemic lupus erythematosus, Rheumatoid arthritis, Sjogren's syndrome...) 0.47[0.03; 8.25]1126 -NAAndreoli, 2022 1   - Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)  - Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) 0.47[0.17; 1.32]17149 -NAReynolds, 2022 1 All studiesAll studies 0.47[0.18; 1.24]281750%NAAndreoli, 2022 Reynolds, 2022 20.210.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed, sick controlsunexposed, sick controls Out of scale0.47[0.18; 1.24]281750%NAAndreoli, 2022 Reynolds, 2022 20.510.01.0