Atenolol (versus unexposed) updated on 12-17-2024

Preeclampsia

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S13911
R54414		 Duan, 2018 Preeclampsia during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) retrospective cohort (claims database) unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: No Indications Antihypertensive: All hypertensions, any indications or not specified 3.32 [1.91;5.76] C 13/638   2,330/374,391 2,343 638
ref
S14363
R56874		 Orbach, 2013 Preeclampsia 3rd trimester retrospective cohort (claims database) unexposed, disease free Adjustment: Yes Indications Antihypertensive: All hypertensions, any indications or not specified 9.38 [4.84;18.16] 10/107   1,093/97,820 1,103 107
ref
S14358
R56854		 Bayliss, 2002 Superimposed Pre-eclampsia (before and after 30 weeks) throughout pregnancy retrospective cohort unexposed, sick Adjustment: No Indications Antihypertensive: Only chronic hypertension indication 0.52 [0.23;1.17] C 9/40   61/171 70 40
ref
S14298
R56330		 Lydakis, 1999 Preeclampsia during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) retrospective cohort unexposed, sick Adjustment: No Indications Antihypertensive: Only chronic hypertension indication 1.10 [0.48;2.51] C 13/78   14/91 27 78
ref
Total 4 studies 2.10 [0.64;6.88] 3,543 863
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Duan, 2018Duan, 2018 3.32[1.91; 5.76]2,34363826%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: lowROB classification: moderateROB missing: unclearROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Orbach, 2013Orbach, 2013 9.38[4.84; 18.16]1,10310725%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: lowROB classification: moderateROB missing: lowROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Bayliss, 2002Bayliss, 2002 0.52[0.23; 1.17]704024%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: lowROB classification: criticalROB missing: unclearROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Lydakis, 1999Lydakis, 1999 1.10[0.48; 2.51]277824%ROB confusion: seriousROB selection: moderateROB classification: criticalROB missing: unclearROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Total (4 studies) I2 = 91% 2.10[0.64; 6.88]3,5438630.220.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 2.10[0.64; 6.88]3,54386391%NADuan, 2018 Orbach, 2013 Bayliss, 2002 Lydakis, 1999 4 case control studiescase control studies 0 Type of controls unexposed (disease free or unspecified)unexposed (disease free or unspecified) 5.49[1.99; 15.17]3,44674582%NADuan, 2018 Orbach, 2013 2 unexposed, sickunexposed, sick 0.75[0.36; 1.56]9711837%NABayliss, 2002 Lydakis, 1999 2 Tags Adjustment   - No  - No 1.28[0.41; 3.99]2,44075687%NADuan, 2018 Bayliss, 2002 Lydakis, 1999 3   - Yes  - Yes 9.38[4.84; 18.17]1,103107 -NAOrbach, 2013 1 Indications Antihypertensive   - All hypertensions, any indications ...  - All hypertensions, any indications or not specified 5.49[1.99; 15.17]3,44674582%NADuan, 2018 Orbach, 2013 2   - Only chronic hypertension indication  - Only chronic hypertension indication 0.75[0.36; 1.56]9711837%NABayliss, 2002 Lydakis, 1999 2 All studiesAll studies 2.10[0.64; 6.88]3,54386391%NADuan, 2018 Orbach, 2013 Bayliss, 2002 Lydakis, 1999 40.220.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot
0.0-2.72.70.5040.000Duan, 2018Orbach, 2013Bayliss, 2002Lydakis, 1999

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot
0.01.00.01.0

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified)unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified) 5.49[1.99; 15.17]3,44674582%NADuan, 2018 Orbach, 2013 2 unexposed, sick controlsunexposed, sick controls 0.75[0.36; 1.56]9711837%NABayliss, 2002 Lydakis, 1999 20.510.01.0

Umbrella review (other published meta-analyses)

Published MAControlPeriodTE95% CIn exposedkI2 Bellos (Preeclampsia (Randomized controlled t ...Bellos (Preeclampsia (Randomized controlled trial and Cohort studies)) 0.52[0.25; 1.07]NA-U,Sunexposed, sickAnyduring pregnancy (anytime or not specified)studies TTT-9 Bellos (Preeclampsia (Randomized controlled t ...Bellos (Preeclampsia (Randomized controlled trial only)) Out of scale0.15[0.02; 1.27]NA-U,Sunexposed, sickAnyduring pregnancy (anytime or not specified)studies TTT-9 metaPregmetaPreg 2.10[0.64; 6.88]91%863----Duan, 2018 Orbach, 2013 Bayliss, 2002 Lydakis, 1999 40.510.01.0