Atenolol (versus unexposed) updated on 12-17-2024

Low Apgar score (< 7) (at 5 min)

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S13911
R54412		 Duan, 2018 Low APGAR score (<7) at 5 min during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) retrospective cohort (claims database) unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: No Indications Antihypertensive: All hypertensions, any indications or not specified 2.76 [1.62;4.69] C 14/638   3,024/374,391 3,038 638
ref
S14363
R56871		 Orbach, 2013 Apgar score <=7 at 5 min 3rd trimester retrospective cohort (claims database) unexposed, disease free Adjustment: No Indications Antihypertensive: All hypertensions, any indications or not specified 0.44 [0.03;7.13] C 0/107   1,026/97,820 1,026 107
ref
S14349
R56785		 Darcie, 2004 Apgar score (fifth minute) < 7 late pregnancy prospective cohort unexposed, sick Adjustment: No Indications Antihypertensive: All hypertensions, any indications or not specified 0.34 [0.01;18.08] C 0/40   0/14 0 40
ref
Total 3 studies 1.75 [0.53;5.79] 4,064 785
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Duan, 2018Duan, 2018 2.76[1.62; 4.69]3,03863876%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: lowROB classification: moderateROB missing: unclearROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Orbach, 2013Orbach, 2013 0.44[0.03; 7.13]1,02610715%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: lowROB classification: criticalROB missing: lowROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Darcie, 2004Darcie, 2004 0.34[0.01; 18.08]0408%ROB confusion: seriousROB selection: criticalROB classification: moderateROB missing: lowROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Total (3 studies) I2 = 23% 1.75[0.53; 5.79]4,0647850.210.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 1.75[0.53; 5.79]4,06478523%NADuan, 2018 Orbach, 2013 Darcie, 2004 3 case control studiescase control studies 0 Type of controls unexposed (disease free or unspecified)unexposed (disease free or unspecified) 1.88[0.44; 8.08]4,06474538%NADuan, 2018 Orbach, 2013 2 unexposed, sickunexposed, sick 0.34[0.01; 18.08]-40 -NADarcie, 2004 1 Tags Adjustment   - No  - No 1.75[0.53; 5.79]4,06478523%NADuan, 2018 Orbach, 2013 Darcie, 2004 3 Indications Antihypertensive   - All hypertensions, any indications ...  - All hypertensions, any indications or not specified 1.75[0.53; 5.79]4,06478523%NADuan, 2018 Orbach, 2013 Darcie, 2004 3 All studiesAll studies 1.75[0.53; 5.79]4,06478523%NADuan, 2018 Orbach, 2013 Darcie, 2004 30.110.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified)unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified) 1.88[0.44; 8.08]4,06474538%NADuan, 2018 Orbach, 2013 2 unexposed, sick controlsunexposed, sick controls Out of scale0.34[0.01; 18.08]-40 -NADarcie, 2004 10.510.01.0