Bisoprolol (versus unexposed) updated on 12-17-2024

All congenital malformations (majors, minors, majors and minors, or unspecified)

id	Study   Auto Delteil, 2024Hoeltzenbein, 2018	Lib. in paper	Exposition period  Auto during pregnancy (anytime or not specified)1st trimester2nd trimester3rd trimester2nd and/or 3rd trimesterthroughout pregnancyearly pregnancydays before deliverylate pregnancypreconception-onlypericonceptionalpreconceptional for kinetic reasonat least 1st trimester3 months (or more) before pregnancy or during pregnancy1st and 2nd trimester3 months or more before pregnancy or1st trimester	Study type  All studies Case control excluded Only case control	Control type    Auto unexposed (general population or NOS)unexposed, sickunexposed, disease freeexposed to other treatment, sicknot specifiedsiblingwhatever (meta-analysis)	Tags	OR 95%CI	x1/n1 x0/n0	no cases	no exposed	ROB	Ref.
S17136 R73482	Delteil, 2024	Major congenital malformations	at least 1st trimester	retrospective cohort (claims database)	unexposed (general population or NOS)	Adjustment: Yes Indications Antihypertensive: Only chronic indication (hypertension or cardiac)	3.89 [1.50;8.29]	6/69   4,054/165,775	4,060	69		ref
S14336 R56722	Hoeltzenbein, 2018	Major birth defects	at least 1st trimester	prospective cohort	unexposed, disease free	Adjustment: Yes Indications Antihypertensive: All hypertensions, any indications or not specified	0.77 [0.34;1.75]	10/294   28/611	38	294		ref
					Total	2 studies	1.72 [0.35;8.42]		4,098	363
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

Sensitivity analysis

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded