Propranolol (versus unexposed) updated on 12-17-2024

Hypospadias

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S13916
R54495		 Bergman, 2018 Hypospadias 1st trimester case control unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: Yes Indications Antihypertensive: All hypertensions, any indications or not specified 0.60 [0.10;2.50] 2/-   8,151/- 8,153 -
ref
S13825
R54187		 Van Zutphen, 2014 Severe hypospadias (ie, subcoronal or penile, scrotal, or perineal meatal opening) early pregnancy case control unexposed, disease free Adjustment: Yes Indications Antihypertensive: All hypertensions, any indications or not specified 4.22 [0.87;20.51] 4/7   2,127/7,253 2,131 7
ref
Total 2 studies 1.60 [0.24;10.83] 10,284 7
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Bergman, 2018Bergman, 2018 0.60[0.10; 2.50]8,153-50%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: criticalROB classification: criticalROB missing: lowROB mesure: unclearROB reporting: moderate Van Zutphen, 2014Van Zutphen, 2014 4.22[0.87; 20.51]2,131750%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: criticalROB classification: criticalROB missing: lowROB mesure: unclearROB reporting: moderate Total (2 studies) I2 = 65% 1.60[0.24; 10.83]10,28470.210.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 0 case control studiescase control studies 1.60[0.24; 10.83]10,284765%NABergman, 2018 Van Zutphen, 2014 2 Type of controls unexposed (disease free or unspecified)unexposed (disease free or unspecified) 1.60[0.24; 10.83]10,284765%NABergman, 2018 Van Zutphen, 2014 2 Tags Adjustment   - Yes  - Yes 1.60[0.24; 10.83]10,284765%NABergman, 2018 Van Zutphen, 2014 2 Indications Antihypertensive   - All hypertensions, any indications ...  - All hypertensions, any indications or not specified 1.60[0.24; 10.83]10,284765%NABergman, 2018 Van Zutphen, 2014 2 All studiesAll studies 1.60[0.24; 10.83]10,284765%NABergman, 2018 Van Zutphen, 2014 20.210.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified)unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified) 1.60[0.24; 10.83]10,284765%NABergman, 2018 Van Zutphen, 2014 20.510.01.0