Beta-blockers (Ocular route only) (versus unexposed) updated on 12-17-2024

Caesarean

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S17249
R72194		 Kaufman - Beta-blockers, 2024 Emergency/ unplanned caesarean delivery during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) retrospective cohort unexposed, sick Adjustment: No 1.97 [0.39;10.09] C 10/48   2/17 12 48
ref
S14054
R55584		 Pellegrino - Timolol, 2018 Caesarean section throughout pregnancy prospective cohort unexposed, disease free Adjustment: No 3.28 [1.29;8.32] C 17/24   74/174 91 24
ref
Total 2 studies 2.90 [1.29;6.50] 103 72
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Kaufman - Beta-blockers, 2024Kaufman - Beta-blockers, 2024 1.97[0.39; 10.09]124825%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: unclearROB classification: criticalROB missing: lowROB mesure: criticalROB reporting: moderate Pellegrino - Timolol, 2018Pellegrino - Timolol, 2018 3.28[1.29; 8.32]912475%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: moderateROB classification: moderateROB missing: unclearROB mesure: criticalROB reporting: moderate Total (2 studies) I2 = 0% 2.90[1.29; 6.50]103720.510.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 2.90[1.29; 6.50]103720%NAKaufman - Beta-blockers, 2024 Pellegrino - Timolol, 2018 2 case control studiescase control studies 0 Type of controls unexposed (disease free or unspecified)unexposed (disease free or unspecified) 3.28[1.29; 8.32]9124 -NAPellegrino - Timolol, 2018 1 unexposed, sickunexposed, sick 1.97[0.39; 10.09]1248 -NAKaufman - Beta-blockers, 2024 1 Tags Adjustment   - No  - No 2.90[1.29; 6.50]103720%NAKaufman - Beta-blockers, 2024 Pellegrino - Timolol, 2018 2 All studiesAll studies 2.90[1.29; 6.50]103720%NAKaufman - Beta-blockers, 2024 Pellegrino - Timolol, 2018 20.510.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified)unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified) 3.28[1.29; 8.32]9124 -NAPellegrino - Timolol, 2018 1 unexposed, sick controlsunexposed, sick controls 1.97[0.39; 10.09]1248 -NAKaufman - Beta-blockers, 2024 10.510.01.0