Carbamazepine (All indications) updated on 04-22-2025

Urinary malformations

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S17486
R73501		 Wiggs (Epilepsy) (Carbamazepine), 2024 Urinary system malformations early pregnancy population based cohort retrospective unexposed, sick Adjustment: Yes 1.03 [0.40;2.62] -/1,456   -/12,666 - 1,456
ref
S12856
R48498		 Thomas (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2021 Urinary malformations 1st trimester prospective cohort exposed to other treatment, sick excluded Adjustment: No 0.40 [0.04;3.68] C
excluded (control group) 		4/490   1/50 5 490
ref
S12858
R48510		 Thomas (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2021 Urinary malformations 1st trimester prospective cohort unexposed, sick Adjustment: No 0.46 [0.13;1.64] C 4/490   6/340 10 490
ref
S9678
R34455		 Tomson (Carbamazepine), 2018 Renal malformations at least 1st trimester prospective cohort exposed to other treatment, sick Adjustment: No 1.93 [0.79;4.74] C 12/1,957   8/2,514 20 1,957
ref
S9643
R34310		 Veiby (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick) (Mixed indications), 2014 Urinary throughout pregnancy population based cohort retrospective exposed to other treatment, sick Adjustment: No 1.83 [0.30;10.97] C 3/685   2/833 5 685
ref
S9652
R34352		 Artama (Carbamazepine), 2005 Urinary system 1st trimester retrospective cohort (registry) unexposed, sick Adjustment: No 2.34 [0.21;25.81] C 2/805   1/939 3 805
ref
Total 5 studies 1.23 [0.72;2.09] 38 5,393
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Wiggs (Epilepsy) (Carbamazepine), 2024Wiggs, 2024 1 1.03[0.40; 2.62]-1,45633%ROB confusion: seriousROB selection: moderateROB classification: moderateROB missing: lowROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Thomas (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2021Thomas, 2021 2 0.46[0.13; 1.64]1049018%ROB confusion: seriousROB selection: moderateROB classification: moderateROB missing: unclearROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Tomson (Carbamazepine), 2018Tomson, 2018 3 1.93[0.79; 4.74]201,95736%ROB confusion: NAROB selection: NAROB classification: NAROB missing: NAROB mesure: NAROB reporting: NA Veiby (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick) (Mixed indications), 2014Veiby, 2014 4 1.83[0.30; 10.97]56859%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: moderateROB classification: moderateROB missing: moderateROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Artama (Carbamazepine), 2005Artama, 2005 5 2.34[0.21; 25.81]38055%ROB confusion: NAROB selection: NAROB classification: NAROB missing: NAROB mesure: NAROB reporting: NA Total (5 studies) I2 = 0% 1.23[0.72; 2.09]385,3930.25.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

1: Epilepsy) (Carbamazepine; 2: Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick; 3: Carbamazepine; 4: Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick) (Mixed indications; 5: Carbamazepine;

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 1.23[0.72; 2.09]385,3930%NAWiggs (Epilepsy) (Carbamazepine), 2024 Thomas (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2021 Tomson (Carbamazepine), 2018 Veiby (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick) (Mixed indications), 2014 Artama (Carbamazepine), 2005 5 case control studiescase control studies 0 Type of controls unexposed, sickunexposed, sick 0.85[0.42; 1.76]132,7510%NAWiggs (Epilepsy) (Carbamazepine), 2024 Thomas (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2021 Artama (Carbamazepine), 2005 3 exposed to other treatment, sickexposed to other treatment, sick 1.91[0.86; 4.26]252,6420%NATomson (Carbamazepine), 2018 Veiby (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick) (Mixed indications), 2014 2 Tags Adjustment   - No  - No 1.30[0.60; 2.80]383,93719%NAThomas (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2021 Tomson (Carbamazepine), 2018 Veiby (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick) (Mixed indications), 2014 Artama (Carbamazepine), 2005 4   - Yes  - Yes 1.03[0.40; 2.64]-1,456 -NAWiggs (Epilepsy) (Carbamazepine), 2024 1 All studiesAll studies 1.23[0.72; 2.09]385,3930%NAWiggs (Epilepsy) (Carbamazepine), 2024 Thomas (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2021 Tomson (Carbamazepine), 2018 Veiby (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick) (Mixed indications), 2014 Artama (Carbamazepine), 2005 50.25.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot
0.0-2.93.11.4710.000Wiggs (Epilepsy) (Carbamazepine), 2024Thomas (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2021Tomson (Carbamazepine), 2018Veiby (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick) (Mixed indications), 2014Artama (Carbamazepine), 2005

Asymetry test p-value = 0.9257 (by Egger's regression)

slope=0.1124 (0.9473); intercept=0.1568 (1.5487); t=0.1013; p=0.9257

p values plot
0.01.00.01.0

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded 12856

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed, sick controlsunexposed, sick controls 0.85[0.42; 1.76]132,7510%NAWiggs (Epilepsy) (Carbamazepine), 2024 Thomas (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2021 Artama (Carbamazepine), 2005 3 exposed to other treatment, sick controlsexposed to other treatment, sick controls 1.60[0.75; 3.39]303,1320%NAThomas (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2021 Tomson (Carbamazepine), 2018 Veiby (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick) (Mixed indications), 2014 30.510.01.0