Study | Country Study period Study design |
Data source | Exposure definition | Non-exposure definition | Exposition period | Sample size (exposed/unexposed) Or (case / control) |
Remarks | Risk of bias |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Huybrechts (Controls unexposed, NOS) 2023 |
Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden and USA. 1996 - 2018 population based cohort retrospective |
The International Pregnancy Safety Study (InPress) Consortium, a collaboration among research groups from the 5 Nordic countries (Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden) and the USA (nationwide Medicaid Analytic eXtract). | Pregnancies with 1 or more prescriptions of Ziprasidone during the first trimester, the period for organogenesis. |
unexposed (general population or NOS)
Pregnancies who did not fill any antipsychotic prescriptions during the 3 months prior to pregnancy until the end of the first trimester. |
1st trimester | -9 / 6455324 | Overlapping: Data of Huybrechts 2016 totally included in this larger study. Number of Ziprasidone exposures suppressed due to country-/data-specific small cell suppression policies. | |
Exposure to atypical and typical antipsychotics was defined based on filling 1 or more prescriptions of the respective drug class during the first trimester, the period for organogenesis. => Prescription databases. | ||||||||
Huybrechts (Controls unexposed, sick) 2023 |
Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden and USA. 1996 - 2018 population based cohort retrospective |
The International Pregnancy Safety Study (InPress) Consortium, a collaboration among research groups from the 5 Nordic countries (Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden) and the USA (nationwide Medicaid Analytic eXtract). | Pregnancies with 1 or more prescriptions of Ziprasidone during the first trimester, the period for organogenesis. |
unexposed, sick
Pregnancies in women with mental health condition, who did not fill any antipsychotic prescriptions during the 3 months prior to pregnancy until the end of the first trimester. |
1st trimester | -9 / 318731 | Overlapping: Data of Huybrechts 2016 totally included in this larger study. Number of Ziprasidone exposures suppressed due to country-/data-specific small cell suppression policies. | |
Exposure to atypical and typical antipsychotics was defined based on filling 1 or more prescriptions of the respective drug class during the first trimester, the period for organogenesis. => Prescription databases. | ||||||||
Park 2018 |
USA 2000 - 2010 retrospective cohort (claims database) |
The Medicaid Analytic eXtract | Pregnant women who had two or more prescriptions dispensed during the first 140 days of their pregnancy for Ziprasidone (also received before pregnancy). Exclusion if more than 1 studied antipsychotic. (This is a subgroup of exposure among the whole exposed group considered in the study). |
unexposed, sick
Pregnant women who had no prescriptions dispensed for an anti- psychotic medication during the first 140 days of pregnancy were classified as “discontinuers.” |
at least 1st trimester | 140 / 431 | Primary analyses performed individually for each substance (aripiprazole, olanzapine, quetiapine, risperidone, or ziprasidone). | |
The Medicaid Analytic eXtract, nationwide claims database that contains information on pharmacy dispensing records. | ||||||||
Sorensen 2015 |
Denmark 1997 - 2008 population based cohort retrospective |
Nationwide Danish health registries (the Danish National Hospital Register, the Danish National Prescription Register and the Danish Medical Birth Register). | Any prescription of Ziprasidone redeemed by the pregnant women during the exposure window, and recorded in the Danish National Prescription Register. (This is a subgroup of exposure among the whole exposed group considered in the study). |
unexposed (general population or NOS)
Unexposed women were defined as pregnant women who did not redeem any prescription of antipsychotic medications during the exposure window. |
early pregnancy | 41 / 841183 | Primary analyses performed on antipsychotics versus unexposed. Authors also analysed each antipsychotic (typical and atypical) substance separately. | |
Any prescription recorded in the Danish National Prescription Register |
Study | Country Study period Study design |
Data source | Case | Control | Exposition | Exposition period | Sample size (exposed/unexposed) Or (case / control) |
Remarks | Risk of bias |
---|
Risk of bias: : NA; : low; : moderate; : serious; : critical; : unclear;