Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists

Study	Exclusion reasons	Rmk	Reference
Li, 2020	inadequate or absent control group	EXCLUDED: Comparison of exenatide with metformin whose safety was not established => No adequate control group.	Li, R. Diabetes 2020; 69:545-. 10.2337/db20-1341-P
Choi (GLP-1RA), 2025	inadequate or absent control group	EXCLUDED: Non-exposure definition included pregnancies exposed to non-insulin antidiabetic medications (ADMs), including SGLT2 inhibitors (SGLT2i), DPP4 inhibitors (DPP4i), and sulfonylureas (SU) whose safety was not established.	Choi, E.-Y. Pharmacoepidemiol. Drug Saf. 2025; 34:2405-. 10.1002/pds.70186
Imbroane, 2025	not in pregnancy	EXCLUDED: Exposure definition: 'Individuals who received a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist prescription within the 2 years preceding pregnancy.' => No exposure during pregnancy.	Imbroane Am J Obstet Gynecol 2025; 233:116.e1-116.e7 10.1016/j.ajog.2025.01.019
Parker, 2025	not relevant study design	EXCLUDED: Pharmacovigilance data (rather case-series–type data than epidemiological data).	Parker Diabetes Obes Metab 2025; 27:4102-4108 10.1111/dom.16437
Su, 2025	not relevant study design	EXCLUDED: A Mendelian Randomization Study.	Su Diabetes Metab J 2025; 49:1242-1251 10.4093/dmj.2024.0521
Westergaard - Liraglutide, 2025	same data already obtained by other studies	EXCLUDED: Overlapping between Westergaard 2025 (2009 - 2023) and Kolding 2025 (2016 - 2023) => Kolding was preferred due to more relevant period of exposure (1st trimester versus 3 months or more before pregnancy or 1st trimester).	Hviid, K. Hum. Reprod. 2024; 39:i23-. 10.1093/humrep/deae108.041 Westergaard, D. Hum. Reprod. 2025; 40:i28-. 10.1093/humrep/deaf097.046
Choi, 2021	Studies without separate analysis of the considered drug/class from other drugs/class	EXCLUDED: Analysis of anti-obesity drugs as a whole, without distinction between substances or class.	Choi, E.J. Clin. Exp. Obstet. Gynecol. 2021; 48:514-. 10.31083/j.ceog.2021.03.2331