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Pregabalin (Epilepsy)
Overall results
Study description
Excluded studies
Table
Graphic
auto
during pregnancy (anytime or not specified)
1st trimester
2nd trimester
3rd trimester
2nd and/or 3rd trimester
throughout pregnancy
early pregnancy
days before delivery
late pregnancy
preconception-only
periconceptional
preconceptional for kinetic reason
at least 1st trimester
3 months (or more) before pregnancy or during pregnancy
1st and 2nd trimester
3 months or more before pregnancy or1st trimester
Paternal exp. genotoxic window only (0–3 months preconception)
Paternal exposure: epigenetic window only (3–xxx months preconception)
Paternal exposure: genotoxic/epigenetic window (0–xxx months preconception)
Paternal exposure: other window
Whatever the period exposition
individual studies
Outcome
TE
95% CI
n cases
n exposed
k
Pub. bias
Congenital malformations
All congenital malformations (majors, minors, majors and minors, or unspecified)
Vajda (Pregabalin) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2019 Battino, 2024 The NAAED (Pregabalin) (Epilepsy), 2025
3
5.55
[
0.89
; 34.62]
155
13
not evaluable
Major congenital malformations
Vajda (Pregabalin) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2019 Battino, 2024 The NAAED (Pregabalin) (Epilepsy), 2025
3
5.55
[
0.89
; 34.62]
155
13
not evaluable
Growth parameters and prematurity
Low birth weight (< 2500g)
Christensen (Pregabalin) (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, general population), 2024
1
0.92
[
0.44
; 1.92]
1,014
120
not evaluable
Small for gestational age (weight)
Christensen (Pregabalin) (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, general population), 2024
1
1.01
[
0.58
; 1.76]
2,431
120
not evaluable
Maternal consequences
Maternal consequences (as a whole)
Razaz (Pregabalin), 2024
1
1.41
[
0.66
; 3.02]
663
89
not evaluable
Intrauterine deaths
Intrauterine deaths (as a whole or unspecified)
Moore (Pregabalin) (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2025
1
1.11
[
0.71
; 1.73]
341
97
not evaluable
Neuro-developmental disorders
ASD (Autism spectrum disorder): Diagnosis
Madley-Dowd_UK (Pregabalin) (Controls unexposed, sick) (Epilepsy), 2024 Madley-Dowd_SE (Pregabalin) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2024
2
0.88
[
0.08
; 9.24]
503
54
not evaluable
ASD (Autism spectrum disorder): Diagnosis/Risk
Madley-Dowd_UK (Pregabalin) (Controls unexposed, sick) (Epilepsy), 2024 Madley-Dowd_SE (Pregabalin) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2024
2
0.88
[
0.08
; 9.24]
503
54
not evaluable
ADHD (Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder): Diagnosis
Madley-Dowd_UK (Pregabalin) (Controls unexposed, sick) (Epilepsy), 2024 Madley-Dowd_SE (Pregabalin) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2024
2
2.35
[
0.01
; 624.13]
958
54
not evaluable
ADHD (Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder): Diagnosis/Risk
Madley-Dowd_UK (Pregabalin) (Controls unexposed, sick) (Epilepsy), 2024 Madley-Dowd_SE (Pregabalin) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2024
2
2.35
[
0.01
; 624.13]
958
54
not evaluable
Cognitive developmental disorders/delay (> 6 years old)
Madley-Dowd_SE (Pregabalin) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2024
1
0.61
[
0.04
; 9.96]
194
45
not evaluable
Neuro-developmental disorders (as a whole)
Moore (Pregabalin) (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2025
1
3.08
[
1.50
; 6.33]
122
37
not evaluable
Severe cognitive developmental delay (Mental retardation) (> 6 years old)
Madley-Dowd_SE (Pregabalin) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2024
1
0.61
[
0.04
; 9.96]
194
45
not evaluable
Cognitive developmental disorders/delay (3-6 years old)
Madley-Dowd_UK (Pregabalin) (Controls unexposed, sick) (Epilepsy), 2024
1
17.70
[
0.97
; 322.22]
13
9
not evaluable
Severe cognitive developmental delay (Mental retardation) (3-6 years old)
Madley-Dowd_UK (Pregabalin) (Controls unexposed, sick) (Epilepsy), 2024
1
17.70
[
0.97
; 322.22]
13
9
not evaluable
0.0
100.0
1.0
