Eslicarbazepine (All indications)

Study	Type of data	Exposure measurement	Outcome assessment	Adjustment
Battino (Epilepsy), 2024	prospective cohort	Reporting physicians collected information on drug therapy after each trimester.	Abnormalities in the offspring were recorded descriptively by reporting physicians. A committee blinded to type of exposure assessed and categorized these abnormalities. When necessary, the committee solicited additional information from the reporting physicians.	Exclusion of pregnancies exposed to known teratogenic drugs, and those with comorbidities associated with teratogenic risks. No adjustment for this group of comparison.
The NAAED (Indications NOS) (Controls exposed to LTG), 2024	prospective cohort	Women are interviewed at enrollment, at 7 months’ gestation and at 8 –12 weeks after the expected date of delivery. The computer-assisted interviews include questions on start and stop dates of each antiepileptic drugs taken, dose, frequency and changes in medication.	Women were questioned with a computer-assisted telephone interview 3 times and medical records were obtained. The written descriptions in the pediatricians’ examinations were reviewed separately by the clinical teratologist.	No adjustment for this group of exposure and comparison.
The NAAED (Indications NOS) (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2024	prospective cohort	Women are interviewed at enrollment, at 7 months’ gestation and at 8 –12 weeks after the expected date of delivery. The computer-assisted interviews include questions on start and stop dates of each antiepileptic drugs taken, dose, frequency and changes in medication.	Women were questioned with a computer-assisted telephone interview 3 times and medical records were obtained. The written descriptions in the pediatricians’ examinations were reviewed separately by the clinical teratologist.	No adjustment for this group of exposure and comparison.
The UKIEPR (Epilepsy) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine), 2024	prospective cohort	Information was collected at registration and changes of antiepileptic drugs during pregnancy were detected during the follow-up duration by sending a standardised questionnaire to the patient's general practitioner. Other health care practitioners were contacted if identified.	Outcome data were collected by sending the patient’s general practitioner a standardised questionnaire for completion during the follow-up duration. Other health care practitioners were contacted if identified.	None.
The UKIEPR (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2024	prospective cohort	Information was collected at registration and changes of antiepileptic drugs during pregnancy were detected during the follow-up duration by sending a standardised questionnaire to the patient's general practitioner. Other health care practitioners were contacted if identified.	Outcome data were collected by sending the patient’s general practitioner a standardised questionnaire for completion during the follow-up duration. Other health care practitioners were contacted if identified.	None.

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