| Study | Type of data | Exposure measurement | Outcome assessment | Adjustment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bar-Oz, 2000 | prospective cohort | Details (timing and dose) of maternal drug therapy were reported by the treating physician. | Pregnancy outcome reports were sent to the manufacturer by the treating physician. | Subjects were matched for maternal age (within 2 years), last menstrual period (within 6 months), gravidity, parity, and alcohol and smoking status. |
| De Santis, 2009 | prospective cohort | A structured questionnaire used to collect information about maternal medical features and details of itraconazole therapy (dosage and timing). | A structured questionnaire administered to women by telephone to collect information about major congenital anomalies (presence and type), delivery (gestational age and type), birth weight and neonatal complications using . | Groups were matched according to maternal age, gravidity and parity, cigarette smoking, alcohol and illicit drug consumption. |
| Jick, 1999 | retrospective cohort (claims database) | General Practice Research Database of prescription. | Computer record was reviewed to identify indications of a congenital anomaly. For those with a suspected anomaly, we requested relevant clinical records from the general practitioner. | Age- and practice-matched women. |
| Molgaard-Nielsen, 2013 | population based cohort retrospective | Prescriptions for oral fluconazole that were filled by the women during pregnancy was obtained from the National Prescription Registry. | Cases of major birth defects were identified through the National Patient Register. | The covariates included calendar year; demographic characteristics; socioeconomic variables; and status with respect to smoking, previous births with malformation, selected coexisting conditions, and treatment with oral antibiotic agents, immunosuppres- sive agents, oral corticosteroids, antiepileptic agents, oral contraceptives, or drugs for in vitro fertilization |
| Molgaard-Nielsen (Controls exposed to pivmecillinam), 2016 | population based cohort retrospective | Information on prescriptions for oral fluconazole (a prescription-only drug) was obtained from the National Prescription Register. | The Medical Birth Register and the National Patient Register. | No match/adjustment for this group of comparison. |
| Molgaard-Nielsen (Controls unexposed, NOS), 2016 | population based cohort retrospective | Information on prescriptions for oral fluconazole (a prescription-only drug) was obtained from the National Prescription Register. | The Medical Birth Register and the National Patient Register. | Each exposed pregnancy was matched to up to 4 unexposed control pregnancies based on propensity scores, maternal age (5-year categories), calendar year, and gestational age. |