Study Type of data Exposure measurement Outcome assessment Adjustment
Choi, 2013 prospective cohort At the initial visit, participants completed a questionnaire about their personal and medical history, and were followed-up until completion of their pregnancy. At delivery, they were admitted to the hospital, and at birth, the babies were clinically examined by a neonatologist in order to identify congenital malformations. Age-matched control. Most of the demographic characteristics collected in the study were similar between cases and controls. Of the characteristics significantly different, none was considered as relevant to be considered any further in the analysis of the study outcomes.
Cottin (Control exposed to other treatments), 2015 prospective cohort Not specified. Not specified. None.
Cottin (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2015 prospective cohort Not specified. Not specified. Each exposed woman was matched for age (±2 years) and gestational age at the time of first request (±1 week) with two healthy women of group III (unexposed).
Fejzo, 2015 case control Participants were asked to submit their medical records and complete an online survey regarding treatment. Participants were asked to submit their medical records and complete an online survey regarding outcomes. A follow-up survey was administered on the diagnosis of childhood emotional, behavioral, and learning disorders. Cases and controls were well-matched for mean maternal age, spontaneous labor, delivery method, and use of assisted reproduction. Children of cases and controls were well-matched for gender and age, with the average age between 8 and 9 years old.
Fejzo, 2013 case control Participants were asked to submit their medical records and complete an online survey regarding treatment. The majority of participants, both cases and controls, joined the study and began the survey during their pregnancies. Participants were asked to submit their medical records and complete an online surveyregarding outcomes. The majority of participants, both cases and controls, were automatically prompted to complete the survey on outcome following their due date. None.

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