Study | Country Study period |
Population source | Exposure definition | Non-exposure definition | Sample size | Rmk |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ishikawa (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2023 |
Japan 2010 - 2019 |
Pregnant women with chronic hypertension | Pregnant women with chronic hypertension and prescribed Amlodipine in the first trimester. |
unexposed, disease free
Pregnant women without hypertensive disorders in the first trimester. |
44 / 74213 | |
Ishikawa (Controls unexposed, sick), 2023 |
Japan 2010 - 2019 |
Pregnant women with chronic hypertension | Pregnant women with chronic hypertension and prescribed Amlodipine in the first trimester. |
unexposed, sick
Pregnant women chronic hypertension but no first-trimester antihypertensive prescriptions. |
44 / 1007 | |
Mito, 2019 |
Japan 2008 - 2016 |
Pregnant women with chronic hypertension (systolic blood pressure ≥140 mm Hg or a diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mm Hg before pregnancy or before 20 weeks' gestation) whose deliveries resulted in live births. | Chronic hypertensive pregnant women who received Amlodipine, a calcium channel blocker during the first trimester (from estimated conception to 11 weeks and 6 days’ gestation). |
unexposed, sick
Chronic hypertensive pregnant women who did not receive any antihypertensive drugs. |
48 / 129 | Data versus Group O (pregnancies exposed to antihypertensives other than amlodipine (including other calcium channel blockers)) cannot be used, because calcium channel blockers in both groups. |
Weber-Schoendorfer, 2008 |
Finland, France, Germany, Israel, Italy, the Netherlands. 1986 - 2003 |
Pregnant women who or whose physician contacted a Teratology Information Service (TIS) in regard to exposure to chemicals or drugs during pregnancy. | Pregnant women with first- trimester exposure to Amlodipine. |
unexposed (general population or NOS)
Pregnant women who had been counseled during pregnancy about exposures known to be non-teratogenic. |
38 / 806 |
Study | Country Study period |
Case | Control | Sample size | Rmk |
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