Nifedipine (versus unexposed)

Study	Country Study period	Population source	Exposure definition	Non-exposure definition	Sample size	Rmk
Weber-Schoendorfer, 2008	Finland, France, Germany, Israel, Italy, the Netherlands. 1986 - 2003	Pregnant women who or whose physician contacted a Teratology Information Service (TIS) in regard to exposure to chemicals or drugs during pregnancy.	Pregnant women with first- trimester exposure to Nifedipine.	unexposed (general population or NOS) Pregnant women who had been counseled during pregnancy about exposures known to be non-teratogenic.	76 / 806

Study	Country Study period	Case	Control	Sample size	Rmk
Vermes, 2015	Hungary 1980 - 1996	Newborn infants (including infant deaths and usual stillborn fetuses) with isolated Oesophageal Atresia.	Newborn infants (including infant deaths and usual stillborn fetuses) without congenital abnormalities.	221 / 356	Study design completed with other studies published on the Hungarian Case-Control Surveillance of Congenital Abnormalities (HCCSCA). Cases with multiple/syndromic Oesophageal Atresia were excluded from the study.
Zarante, 2009	Colombia 2001- 2006	All newborns and stillborns of weight >500 g that presented only one craniofacial malformation, not associated with any other congenital condition.	The next non-malformed same sex child born in the same hospital.	374 / 728	Exclusion of patients with Down syndrome, Potter sequence, VACTERL association, and other unspecified multiple malformations.