Oxcarbazepine (All indications)

Study Reference
AlSheikh (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2020

AlSheikh Prevalence of epilepsy in Saudi pregnant women and possible effects of anti-epileptic drugs on pregnancy outcomes. Neurosciences (Riyadh) 2020; 25:32-37

AlSheikh (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2020

AlSheikh Prevalence of epilepsy in Saudi pregnant women and possible effects of anti-epileptic drugs on pregnancy outcomes. Neurosciences (Riyadh) 2020; 25:32-37

Artama (Oxcarbazepine), 2005

Artama M Antiepileptic drug use of women with epilepsy and congenital malformations in offspring. Neurology 2005;64:1874-8

Artama (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2013

Artama M Effects of maternal epilepsy and antiepileptic drug use during pregnancy on perinatal health in offspring: nationwide, retrospective cohort study in Finland. Drug Saf 2013;36:359-69

Artama (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2013

Artama M Effects of maternal epilepsy and antiepileptic drug use during pregnancy on perinatal health in offspring: nationwide, retrospective cohort study in Finland. Drug Saf 2013;36:359-69

Artama (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2013

Artama M Effects of maternal epilepsy and antiepileptic drug use during pregnancy on perinatal health in offspring: nationwide, retrospective cohort study in Finland. Drug Saf 2013;36:359-69

Aydin (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2020

Aydin, E. Retrospective evaluation of pregnancy outcomes with maternal epilepsy Journal of Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology 2020; 30:20-.

Aydin (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2020

Aydin, E. Retrospective evaluation of pregnancy outcomes with maternal epilepsy Journal of Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology 2020; 30:20-.

Bank (Oxcarbazepine) (Mixed indications), 2017

Bank Placental passage of antiepileptic drugs at delivery and neonatal outcomes. Epilepsia 2017; 58:e82-e86

Battino (Oxcarbazepine) (Epilepsy), 2024

Battino Risk of Major Congenital Malformations and Exposure to Antiseizure Medication Monotherapy. JAMA Neurol 2024; 81:481-489

Tomson Comparative risk of major congenital malformations with eight different antiepileptic drugs: a prospective cohort study of the EURAP registry. Lancet Neurol 2018; 17:530-538

Tomson T Dose-dependent risk of malformations with antiepileptic drugs: an analysis of data from the EURAP epilepsy and pregnancy registry. Lancet Neurol 2011;10:609-17

Bech (Oxcarbazepine) (Mixed indications), 2018

Bech In utero exposure to antiepileptic drugs is associated with learning disabilities among offspring. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2018; 89:1324-1331

Bjørk (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2022

Bjørk Association of Prenatal Exposure to Antiseizure Medication With Risk of Autism and Intellectual Disability. JAMA Neurol 2022; :

Daugaard Association of Prenatal Exposure to Valproate and Other Antiepileptic Drugs With Intellectual Disability and Delayed Childhood Milestones. JAMA Netw Open 2020; 3:e2025570

Bjørk (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2018

Bjørk Association of Folic Acid Supplementation During Pregnancy With the Risk of Autistic Traits in Children Exposed to Antiepileptic Drugs In Utero. JAMA Neurol 2018; 75:160-168

Bjørk (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls unexposed NOS), 2022

Bjørk Association of Prenatal Exposure to Antiseizure Medication With Risk of Autism and Intellectual Disability. JAMA Neurol 2022; :

Daugaard Association of Prenatal Exposure to Valproate and Other Antiepileptic Drugs With Intellectual Disability and Delayed Childhood Milestones. JAMA Netw Open 2020; 3:e2025570

Bjørk (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2018

Bjørk Association of Folic Acid Supplementation During Pregnancy With the Risk of Autistic Traits in Children Exposed to Antiepileptic Drugs In Utero. JAMA Neurol 2018; 75:160-168

Bjørk (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2022

Bjørk Association of Prenatal Exposure to Antiseizure Medication With Risk of Autism and Intellectual Disability. JAMA Neurol 2022; :

Daugaard Association of Prenatal Exposure to Valproate and Other Antiepileptic Drugs With Intellectual Disability and Delayed Childhood Milestones. JAMA Netw Open 2020; 3:e2025570

Bjørk (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2018

Bjørk Association of Folic Acid Supplementation During Pregnancy With the Risk of Autistic Traits in Children Exposed to Antiepileptic Drugs In Utero. JAMA Neurol 2018; 75:160-168

Blotière (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick) (Mixed indications), 2019

Blotière Risks of 23 specific malformations associated with prenatal exposure to 10 antiepileptic drugs. Neurology 2019; 93:e167-e180

Blotière (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls unexposed NOS) (Mixed indications), 2019

Blotière Risks of 23 specific malformations associated with prenatal exposure to 10 antiepileptic drugs. Neurology 2019; 93:e167-e180

Christensen (Oxcarbazepine) (All indications) (Controls exposed to LTG), 2024

Christensen Prenatal exposure to antiseizure medications and fetal growth: a population-based cohort study from the Nordic countries. Lancet Reg Health Eur 2024; 38:100849

Dreier Prenatal exposure to antiseizure medication and intrauterine growth restriction in offspring of women with epilepsy Epilepsia 2021; 62(S3):3-364.

Christensen (Oxcarbazepine) (All indications) (Controls unexposed, general population), 2024

Christensen Prenatal exposure to antiseizure medications and fetal growth: a population-based cohort study from the Nordic countries. Lancet Reg Health Eur 2024; 38:100849

Dreier Prenatal exposure to antiseizure medication and intrauterine growth restriction in offspring of women with epilepsy Epilepsia 2021; 62(S3):3-364.

Christensen (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick) (Indications NOS), 2013

Christensen Prenatal valproate exposure and risk of autism spectrum disorders and childhood autism. JAMA 2013; 309:1696-703

Christensen (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls unexposed NOS) (Indications NOS), 2013

Christensen Prenatal valproate exposure and risk of autism spectrum disorders and childhood autism. JAMA 2013; 309:1696-703

Cohen (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick) (Mixed indications), 2019

Cohen Anticonvulsant Mood Stabilizer and Lithium Use and Risk of Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes. J Clin Psychiatry 2019; 80:

Cohen (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls unexposed NOS) (Mixed indications), 2019

Cohen Anticonvulsant Mood Stabilizer and Lithium Use and Risk of Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes. J Clin Psychiatry 2019; 80:

Cohen (Oxcarbazepine) (Epilepsy) (Controls exposed to LTG), 2023

Christensen Prenatal exposure to valproate and risk of congenital malformations-Could we have known earlier?-A population-based cohort study. Epilepsia 2021; 62:2981-2993

Cohen Comparative Safety of Antiseizure Medication Monotherapy for Major Malformations. Ann Neurol 2023; 93:551-562

Cohen (Oxcarbazepine) (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, NOS), 2023

Christensen Prenatal exposure to valproate and risk of congenital malformations-Could we have known earlier?-A population-based cohort study. Epilepsia 2021; 62:2981-2993

Cohen Comparative Safety of Antiseizure Medication Monotherapy for Major Malformations. Ann Neurol 2023; 93:551-562

Coste (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2020

Blotière Risk of early neurodevelopmental outcomes associated with prenatal exposure to the antiepileptic drugs most commonly used during pregnancy: a French nationwide population-based cohort study. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e034829

Coste Risk of early neurodevelopmental disorders associated with in utero exposure to valproate and other antiepileptic drugs: a nationwide cohort study in France. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17362

Coste (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls unexposed, NOS), 2020

Coste Risk of early neurodevelopmental disorders associated with in utero exposure to valproate and other antiepileptic drugs: a nationwide cohort study in France. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17362

Dreier (Oxcarbazepine) (Epilepsy) (Controls exposed to LTG), 2023

Christensen Association of Prenatal Exposure to Valproate and Other Antiepileptic Drugs With Risk for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Offspring. JAMA Netw Open 2019; 2:e186606

Dreier (Oxcarbazepine) (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2023

Christensen Association of Prenatal Exposure to Valproate and Other Antiepileptic Drugs With Risk for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Offspring. JAMA Netw Open 2019; 2:e186606

Elkjaer (Oxcarbazepine), 2018

Elkjaer Association Between Prenatal Valproate Exposure and Performance on Standardized Language and Mathematics Tests in School-aged Children. JAMA Neurol 2018; 75:663-671

Guveli (Oxcarbazepine) (Epilepsy), 2017

Guveli Teratogenicity of Antiepileptic Drugs. Clin Psychopharmacol Neurosci 2017; 15:19-27

Hao (Oxcarbazepine) (Epilepsy) (Controls exposed to LTG), 2025

Hao Seizure control and pregnancy outcomes in Chinese women with epilepsy: A prospective multicenter cohort study. Epilepsia 2025; :

Hao (Oxcarbazepine) (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2025

Hao Seizure control and pregnancy outcomes in Chinese women with epilepsy: A prospective multicenter cohort study. Epilepsia 2025; :

Hosny (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2021

Hosny Risk factors of fetal deaths and major birth defects in newborns of women with epilepsy: An Egyptian prospective study. Epilepsy Behav 2021; 123:108251

Hosny (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2021

Hosny Risk factors of fetal deaths and major birth defects in newborns of women with epilepsy: An Egyptian prospective study. Epilepsy Behav 2021; 123:108251

Hvas (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2000

Hvas CL Epilepsy and pregnancy: effect of antiepileptic drugs and lifestyle on birthweight. BJOG 2000;107:896-902

Hvas (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2000

Hvas CL Epilepsy and pregnancy: effect of antiepileptic drugs and lifestyle on birthweight. BJOG 2000;107:896-902

Kaaja (Oxcarbazepine), 2003

Kaaja E Major malformations in offspring of women with epilepsy. Neurology 2003;60:575-9

Källén (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick) (Indications NOS), 2013

Källén B The use of central nervous system active drugs during pregnancy. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2013;6:1221-86

Razaz N Association Between Pregnancy and Perinatal Outcomes Among Women With Epilepsy. JAMA Neurol 2017;74:983-991

Wide K Major malformations in infants exposed to antiepileptic drugs in utero, with emphasis on carbamazepine and valproic acid: a nation-wide, population-based register study. Acta Paediatr 2004;93:174-6

Källén (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls unexposed, NOS) (Indications NOS), 2013

Källén B The use of central nervous system active drugs during pregnancy. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2013;6:1221-86

Kilic (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick) (Mixed indications), 2014

Kilic D Birth outcomes after prenatal exposure to antiepileptic drugs--a population-based study. Epilepsia 2014;55:1714-21

Kilic (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls unexposed NOS) (Mixed indications), 2014

Kilic D Birth outcomes after prenatal exposure to antiepileptic drugs--a population-based study. Epilepsia 2014;55:1714-21

Kilic (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick) (Mixed indications), 2014

Kilic D Birth outcomes after prenatal exposure to antiepileptic drugs--a population-based study. Epilepsia 2014;55:1714-21

Kini (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2007

Kini Influence of the MTHFR genotype on the rate of malformations following exposure to antiepileptic drugs in utero.,Influence of the MTHFR genotype on the rate of malformations following exposure to antiepileptic drugs in utero. Eur J Med Genet ; 50:411-20

Kini (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2007

Kini Influence of the MTHFR genotype on the rate of malformations following exposure to antiepileptic drugs in utero.,Influence of the MTHFR genotype on the rate of malformations following exposure to antiepileptic drugs in utero. Eur J Med Genet ; 50:411-20

Kini (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2007

Kini Influence of the MTHFR genotype on the rate of malformations following exposure to antiepileptic drugs in utero.,Influence of the MTHFR genotype on the rate of malformations following exposure to antiepileptic drugs in utero. Eur J Med Genet ; 50:411-20

Li (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls exposed to LTG), 2023

He Pregnancy outcome in women with epilepsy in Western China: A prospective hospital based study. Epilepsy Behav 2017; 74:10-14

Li Pregnancy characteristics and adverse outcomes in offspring of women with epilepsy: a prospective registry study from Mainland China. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1195003

Li (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2023

He Pregnancy outcome in women with epilepsy in Western China: A prospective hospital based study. Epilepsy Behav 2017; 74:10-14

Li Pregnancy characteristics and adverse outcomes in offspring of women with epilepsy: a prospective registry study from Mainland China. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1195003

Meador (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2021

Meador Two-Year-Old Cognitive Outcomes in Children of Pregnant Women With Epilepsy in the Maternal Outcomes and Neurodevelopmental Effects of Antiepileptic Drugs Study. JAMA Neurol 2021; 78:927-936

Meador (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2021

Meador Two-Year-Old Cognitive Outcomes in Children of Pregnant Women With Epilepsy in the Maternal Outcomes and Neurodevelopmental Effects of Antiepileptic Drugs Study. JAMA Neurol 2021; 78:927-936

Morrow (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2006

Morrow J Malformation risks of antiepileptic drugs in pregnancy: a prospective study from the UK Epilepsy and Pregnancy Register. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2006;77:193-8

Morrow (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2006

Morrow J Malformation risks of antiepileptic drugs in pregnancy: a prospective study from the UK Epilepsy and Pregnancy Register. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2006;77:193-8

Razaz (Oxcarbazepine) (Epilepsy), 2024

Razaz Risk of Perinatal and Maternal Morbidity and Mortality Among Pregnant Women With Epilepsy. JAMA Neurol 2024; 81:985-995

Samrén (Oxcarbazepine), 1999

Samrén Antiepileptic drug regimens and major congenital abnormalities in the offspring.,Antiepileptic drug regimens and major congenital abnormalities in the offspring. Ann. Neurol. 1999; 46:739-46

The NAAED (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls exposed to LTG) (Indications NOS), 2023

Hernández-Díaz Comparative safety of antiepileptic drugs during pregnancy. Neurology 2012;78:1692-9

Lewis B. Holmes, M.D. (Director) Risk of malformations for specific AED in monotherapy and the control groups (Latest Study Data - October 2023) https://www.aedpregnancyregistry.org/ (Consulted 05/2022)

Lewis Holmes Risk of malformations for specific AED in monotherapy and the control groups. Latest Study Data - October 2023. https://www.aedpregnancyregistry.org/ (Consulted September 2024)

The NAAED (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls unexposed, disease free) (Indications NOS), 2023

Hernández-Díaz Comparative safety of antiepileptic drugs during pregnancy. Neurology 2012;78:1692-9

Lewis B. Holmes, M.D. (Director) Risk of malformations for specific AED in monotherapy and the control groups (Annual Update for 2022) https://www.aedpregnancyregistry.org/ (Consulted 05/2022)

Lewis Holmes Risk of malformations for specific AED in monotherapy and the control groups. Latest Study Data - October 2023. https://www.aedpregnancyregistry.org/ (Consulted September 2024)

Wyszynski Increased rate of major malformations in offspring exposed to valproate during pregnancy. Neurology 2005; 64:961-5

Thomas (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2021

Keni Teratogenicity of antiepileptic dual therapy: Dose-dependent, drug-specific, or both? Neurology 2018; 90:e790-e796

Thomas Malformation risk of antiepileptic drug exposure during pregnancy in women with epilepsy: Results from a pregnancy registry in South India. Epilepsia 2017; 58:274-281

Thomas Malformation risk of new anti-epileptic drugs in women with epilepsy; observational data from the Kerala registry of epilepsy and pregnancy (KREP). Seizure 2021; 93:127-132

Thomas (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2021

Thomas Malformation risk of antiepileptic drug exposure during pregnancy in women with epilepsy: Results from a pregnancy registry in South India. Epilepsia 2017; 58:274-281

Thomas (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2021

Thomas Malformation risk of antiepileptic drug exposure during pregnancy in women with epilepsy: Results from a pregnancy registry in South India. Epilepsia 2017; 58:274-281

Thomas Malformation risk of new anti-epileptic drugs in women with epilepsy; observational data from the Kerala registry of epilepsy and pregnancy (KREP). Seizure 2021; 93:127-132

Thomas (Oxcarbazepine) (Epilepsy) (Controls exposed to LTG), 2022

Thomas, S.V. Differential impact of antenatal exposure to antiseizure medications on motor and mental development in infants of women with epilepsy Epileptic Disord. 2022; 24:531-.

Thomas (Oxcarbazepine) (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2022

Thomas, S.V. Differential impact of antenatal exposure to antiseizure medications on motor and mental development in infants of women with epilepsy Epileptic Disord. 2022; 24:531-.

Tomson (Oxcarbazepine), 2018

Tomson Comparative risk of major congenital malformations with eight different antiepileptic drugs: a prospective cohort study of the EURAP registry. Lancet Neurol 2018; 17:530-538

Tomson T Dose-dependent risk of malformations with antiepileptic drugs: an analysis of data from the EURAP epilepsy and pregnancy registry. Lancet Neurol 2011;10:609-17

Tomson (Oxcarbazepine), 2015

Tomson T Antiepileptic drugs and intrauterine death: A prospective observational study from EURAP. Neurology 2015;85:580-8

Trivedi (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2018

Trivedi Spontaneous fetal loss in women with epilepsy: prospective data from pregnancy registry in India. Epilepsy Res 2018; 146:50-53

Trivedi (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2018

Trivedi Spontaneous fetal loss in women with epilepsy: prospective data from pregnancy registry in India. Epilepsy Res 2018; 146:50-53

Vajda a (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls exposed to LTG) (Epilepsy), 2024

Vajda Pregnancy, antiseizure medications and unexplained intrauterine foetal death. Epilepsy Behav 2024; 153:109724

Vajda Anti-epileptic drug exposure and risk of foetal death in utero. Acta Neurol Scand 2018; 137:20-23

Vajda a (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls unexposed sick) (Epilepsy), 2024

Vajda Pregnancy, antiseizure medications and unexplained intrauterine foetal death. Epilepsy Behav 2024; 153:109724

Vajda Anti-epileptic drug exposure and risk of foetal death in utero. Acta Neurol Scand 2018; 137:20-23

Vajda b (Oxcarbazepine) (Epilepsy) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2024

Vajda Teratogenicity of the newer antiepileptic drugs--the Australian experience. J Clin Neurosci 2012; 19:57-9

Vajda Associations between particular types of fetal malformation and antiepileptic drug exposure in utero. Acta Neurol Scand 2013; 128:228-34

Vajda Antiepileptic drugs and foetal malformation: analysis of 20 years of data in a pregnancy register. Seizure 2019; 65:6-11

Vajda The teratogenicity of the newer antiepileptic drugs - an update. Acta Neurol Scand 2014; 130:234-8

Vajda The teratogenesis risk associated with antiseizure medication duotherapy in women with epilepsy. Epilepsy Res 2024; 200:107316

Vajda b (Oxcarbazepine) (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2024

Vajda Teratogenicity of the newer antiepileptic drugs--the Australian experience. J Clin Neurosci 2012; 19:57-9

Vajda Is lamotrigine a significant human teratogen? Observations from the Australian Pregnancy Register. Seizure 2010; 19:558-61

Vajda The prescribing of antiepileptic drugs for pregnant Australian women. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol 2012; 52:49-53

Vajda Associations between particular types of fetal malformation and antiepileptic drug exposure in utero. Acta Neurol Scand 2013; 128:228-34

Vajda The teratogenic risk of antiepileptic drug polytherapy. Epilepsia 2010; 51:805-10

Vajda The Australian Register of Antiepileptic Drugs in Pregnancy: the first 1002 pregnancies. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol 2007; 47:468-74

Vajda Antiepileptic drugs and foetal malformation: analysis of 20 years of data in a pregnancy register. Seizure 2019; 65:6-11

Vajda The teratogenicity of the newer antiepileptic drugs - an update. Acta Neurol Scand 2014; 130:234-8

Vajda The teratogenesis risk associated with antiseizure medication duotherapy in women with epilepsy. Epilepsy Res 2024; 200:107316

Veiby (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick) (Mixed indications), 2014

Veiby Fetal growth restriction and birth defects with newer and older antiepileptic drugs during pregnancy. J. Neurol. 2014; 261:579-88

Veiby (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls unexposed, disease free) (Mixed indications), 2014

Veiby Fetal growth restriction and birth defects with newer and older antiepileptic drugs during pregnancy. J. Neurol. 2014; 261:579-88

Veiby (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick) (Mixed indications), 2014

Veiby Fetal growth restriction and birth defects with newer and older antiepileptic drugs during pregnancy. J. Neurol. 2014; 261:579-88

Videman (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2016

Videman Evidence for spared attention to faces in 7-month-old infants after prenatal exposure to antiepileptic drugs. Epilepsy Behav 2016; 64:62-68

Videman (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2016

Videman Evidence for spared attention to faces in 7-month-old infants after prenatal exposure to antiepileptic drugs. Epilepsy Behav 2016; 64:62-68

Viinikainen (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls unexposed, disease free) a, 2006

Viinikainen Community-based, prospective, controlled study of obstetric and neonatal outcome of 179 pregnancies in women with epilepsy. Epilepsia 2006; 47:186-92

Viinikainen (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick) a, 2006

Viinikainen Community-based, prospective, controlled study of obstetric and neonatal outcome of 179 pregnancies in women with epilepsy. Epilepsia 2006; 47:186-92