Study | Country Study period Study design |
Data source | Exposure definition | Non-exposure definition | Exposition period | Sample size (exposed/unexposed) Or (case / control) |
Remarks | Risk of bias |
---|
Study | Country Study period Study design |
Data source | Case | Control | Exposition | Exposition period | Sample size (exposed/unexposed) Or (case / control) |
Remarks | Risk of bias |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Czeizel 1999 |
Hungary 1980 - 1996 case control |
The Hungarian Case-Control Surveillance of Congenital Abnormalities (HCCSCA). | Newborn infants (including infant deaths and usual stillborn fetuses) with congenital abnormalities. | Newborn infants (including infant deaths and usual stillborn fetuses) without congenital abnormalities, matched according to gender, birth week and district of parents’ residence. | Exposure data collected from 3 sources: a post-paid structured questionnaire sent to the parents requesting drugs taken during pregnancy, according to gestational months; maternal prenatal care logbook (in which obstetricians must record all prescribed drugs); nurses visited non-responding families. | 1st trimester, during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | 22865 / 38151 | ||
The Hungarian Congenital Abnormality Registry (HCAR), in which notification by physicians of cases with Congenital anomalies is mandatory (including infant deaths and usual stillborn fetuses). Controls were selected from the National Birth Registry of the Central Statistical Office. |
Risk of bias: : NA; : low; : moderate; : serious; : critical; : unclear;