Gabapentin (All indications)

Table   Graphic  
individual studies
OutcomeTE95% CIn casesn exposedkPub. bias Congenital malformations All congenital malformations (majors, minors, majors and minors, or unspecified) Dean, 2002 Morrow (Controls unexposed, sick), 2006 Mawer (Gabapentin) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2010 Vajda (Controls unexposed, sick), 2013 Källén (Controls unexposed, NOS) (Indications NOS), 2013 Tomson, 2018 The NAAED (Controls unexposed, disease free) (Indications NOS), 2022 Desrochers, 2022 81.15[0.91; 1.46]49,613454not evaluable Major congenital malformations Dean, 2002 Morrow (Controls unexposed, sick), 2006 Mawer (Gabapentin) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2010 Vajda (Controls unexposed, sick), 2013 Källén (Controls unexposed, NOS) (Indications NOS), 2013 Tomson, 2018 The NAAED (Controls unexposed, disease free) (Indications NOS), 2022 Desrochers, 2022 81.01[0.75; 1.35]49,608454not evaluable Atrial septal defect Blotière (Controls unexposed NOS) (Other indications), 2019 10.79[0.05; 12.59]3,268365not evaluable Congenital heart defects Morrow (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2006 Desrochers, 2022 21.73[0.56; 5.33]531not evaluable Oro-facial clefts Morrow (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2006 Blotière (Controls unexposed NOS) (Other indications), 2019 Desrochers, 2022 31.49[0.60; 3.72]2,816396not evaluable Hypospadias Morrow (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2006 Blotière (Controls unexposed NOS) (Other indications), 2019 21.55[0.31; 7.89]3,378396not evaluable Ano-rectal atresia and stenosis Blotière (Controls unexposed NOS) (Other indications), 2019 14.72[0.29; 75.77]544365not evaluable Atrioventricular septal defect Blotière (Controls unexposed NOS) (Other indications), 2019 14.86[0.30; 77.92]529365not evaluable Bilateral renal agenesis including Potter syndrome Blotière (Controls unexposed NOS) (Other indications), 2019 134.08[2.11; 550.91]75365not evaluable Bladder exstrophy and/or epispadia Blotière (Controls unexposed NOS) (Other indications), 2019 131.19[1.93; 503.78]82365not evaluable Cleft lip with or without cleft palate Blotière (Controls unexposed NOS) (Other indications), 2019 11.57[0.10; 25.16]1,637365not evaluable Cleft palate Blotière (Controls unexposed NOS) (Other indications), 2019 12.18[0.14; 34.97]1,178365not evaluable Club foot / Talipes equinovarus Blotière (Controls unexposed NOS) (Other indications), 2019 11.53[0.10; 24.56]1,677365not evaluable Coarctation of aorta Blotière (Controls unexposed NOS) (Other indications), 2019 13.30[0.21; 52.90]779365not evaluable Craniosynostosis Blotière (Controls unexposed NOS) (Other indications), 2019 13.36[0.21; 53.80]766365not evaluable Diaphragmatic hernia Blotière (Controls unexposed NOS) (Other indications), 2019 16.80[0.42; 109.07]378365not evaluable Ebstein's anomaly Blotière (Controls unexposed NOS) (Other indications), 2019 150.95[3.14; 827.39]50365not evaluable Gastroschisis Blotière (Controls unexposed NOS) (Other indications), 2019 110.57[0.66; 169.73]243365not evaluable Hypoplastic left heart (HLH/HLHS) Blotière (Controls unexposed NOS) (Other indications), 2019 111.88[0.74; 190.96]216365not evaluable Hypoplastic right heart (HRH/HRHS) Blotière (Controls unexposed NOS) (Other indications), 2019 138.69[2.39; 626.25]66365not evaluable Microcephaly / Small head circumference for gestational age Blotière (Controls unexposed NOS) (Other indications), 2019 15.87[0.37; 94.12]438365not evaluable Oesophageal atresia with or without tracheo-oesophageal fistula Blotière (Controls unexposed NOS) (Other indications), 2019 16.55[0.41; 105.17]392365not evaluable Omphalocele Blotière (Controls unexposed NOS) (Other indications), 2019 19.65[0.60; 155.04]266365not evaluable Pulmonary valve atresia Blotière (Controls unexposed NOS) (Other indications), 2019 116.87[1.05; 271.48]152365not evaluable Spina bifida Blotière (Controls unexposed NOS) (Other indications), 2019 18.40[0.55; 128.91]617365not evaluable Tetralogy of Fallot Blotière (Controls unexposed NOS) (Other indications), 2019 14.40[0.27; 70.58]584365not evaluable Ventricular septal defect Blotière (Controls unexposed NOS) (Other indications), 2019 11.11[0.16; 7.88]4,644365not evaluable Digestive system anomalies Morrow (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2006 13.01[0.15; 59.66]331not evaluable Eye defects Dean, 2002 14.85[0.09; 267.23]61not evaluable Limb defects Morrow (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2006 14.23[0.20; 89.96]231not evaluable Minor congenital malformations Dean, 2002 15.91[0.11; 330.07]51not evaluable Neural Tube Defects Morrow (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2006 17.05[0.28; 176.78]131not evaluable Growth parameters and prematurity Preterm (< 37 weeks) Kilic (Controls unexposed, sick) (Mixed indications), 2014 Arkilo, 2015 Miškov (Controls unexposed, sick), 2016 Coste (Controls unexposed, NOS) (Mixed indications), 2020 42.38[1.79; 3.15]91,697453not evaluable Low birth weight (< 2500g) Kilic (Controls unexposed, sick) (Mixed indications), 2014 Coste (Controls unexposed, NOS) (Mixed indications), 2020 22.35[1.68; 3.29]91,756450not evaluable Small for gestational age (weight) Kilic (Controls unexposed, sick) (Mixed indications), 2014 Coste (Controls unexposed, NOS) (Mixed indications), 2020 21.23[0.92; 1.63]168,024450not evaluable Macrosomia (> 4000g) Coste (Controls unexposed, NOS) (Mixed indications), 2020 10.89[0.72; 1.11]577,215378not evaluable Very preterm (28 to 32 weeks) Coste (Controls unexposed, NOS) (Mixed indications), 2020 11.05[0.26; 4.23]8,586378not evaluable Extremely preterm (< 28 weeks) Coste (Controls unexposed, NOS) (Mixed indications), 2020 11.11[0.07; 17.76]2,041378not evaluable Neonatal disorders Neonatal disorders (as a whole) Coste (Controls unexposed, NOS) (Mixed indications), 2020 11.09[0.82; 1.46]222,254378not evaluable Neonatal medical care Desrochers, 2022 12.18[1.81; 2.62]-870not evaluable Withdrawal syndrome / Neonatal abstinence syndrome / Poor neonatal adaptation 0----- Long term consequences Behavioral disorders Bromley, 2016 11.10[0.38; 3.18]-14not evaluable Child/Infant death (> 28 days of life) Coste (Controls unexposed, NOS) (Mixed indications), 2020 10.96[0.14; 6.86]4,696378not evaluable Emotional disorders Bromley, 2016 11.13[0.39; 3.28]-14not evaluable Intrauterine deaths Intrauterine deaths (as a whole or unspecified) Arkilo, 2015 Miškov (Controls unexposed, sick), 2016 Vajda (Controls unexposed, sick), 2018 34.41[0.49; 39.98]317not evaluable Early intrauterine death (< 22 weeks) Arkilo, 2015 Miškov (Controls unexposed, sick), 2016 24.64[0.23; 93.20]23not evaluable Elective/induced termination of pregnancy Miškov (Controls unexposed, sick), 2016 12.33[0.03; 182.92]-2not evaluable Therapeutic terminations of pregnancy Miškov (Controls unexposed, sick), 2016 12.33[0.03; 182.92]-2not evaluable Late intrauterine deaths (> 22 weeks) Arkilo, 2015 147.00[0.38; 5814.69]-1not evaluable Neuro-developmental disorders ASD (Autism spectrum disorder): Diagnosis Wood, 2015 Coste (Controls unexposed, NOS) (Mixed indications), 2020 Bjørk (Controls unexposed, sick) (Mixed indications), 2022 31.34[0.40; 4.45]4,5581,344not evaluable ASD (Autism spectrum disorder): Diagnosis/Risk Wood, 2015 Coste (Controls unexposed, NOS) (Mixed indications), 2020 Bjørk (Controls unexposed, sick) (Mixed indications), 2022 31.34[0.40; 4.45]4,5581,344not evaluable Neuro-developmental disorders (as a whole) Dean, 2002 Arkilo, 2015 Coste (Controls unexposed, NOS) (Mixed indications), 2020 Bjørk (Controls unexposed, sick) (Mixed indications), 2022 40.96[0.44; 2.10]10,4751,345not evaluable Language disorders/delay Bromley, 2016 Coste (Controls unexposed, NOS) (Mixed indications), 2020 20.62[0.36; 1.05]72,028392not evaluable Cognitive developmental disorders/delay (3-6 years old) Coste (Controls unexposed, NOS) (Mixed indications), 2020 10.67[0.04; 10.66]3,398378not evaluable Severe cognitive developmental delay (Mental retardation) (3-6 years old) Coste (Controls unexposed, NOS) (Mixed indications), 2020 10.67[0.04; 10.66]3,398378not evaluable ADHD (Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder): Diagnosis/Risk Bromley, 2016 10.87[0.30; 2.52]-14not evaluable ADHD (Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder): Risk Bromley, 2016 10.87[0.30; 2.52]-14not evaluable ASD (Autism spectrum disorder): Risk Wood, 2015 117.00[0.13; 2166.90]-1not evaluable Cognitive developmental disorders/delay (> 6 years old) Bromley, 2016 11.33[0.13; 13.89]414not evaluable0.0100.01.0

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