| Study | Type of data | Exposure measurement | Outcome assessment | Adjustment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chouchana (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2025 | retrospective cohort (claims database) | The French health insurance data warehouse (SNDS, Système National des Données de Santé), which comprises exhaustive data on patient health care expenditure such as dispensed drugs. | The French health insurance data warehouse (SNDS, Système National des Données de Santé), which comprises disease diagnoses and pregnancy outcomes identified with ICD-10 codes from the French standardized classification for clinical procedure (CCAM). | Singleton only. Pregnancies exposed to a known teratogen were excluded. |
| Chouchana (Controls unexposed, sick), 2025 | retrospective cohort (claims database) | The French health insurance data warehouse (SNDS, Système National des Données de Santé), which comprises exhaustive data on patient health care expenditure such as dispensed drugs. | The French health insurance data warehouse (SNDS, Système National des Données de Santé), which comprises disease diagnoses and pregnancy outcomes identified with ICD-10 codes from the French standardized classification for clinical procedure (CCAM). | Singleton only. Pregnancies exposed to a known teratogen were excluded. |
| Jain, 2025 | retrospective cohort | Local electronic medical record data. | Local electronic medical record data and outcome data per participant in the 12 months prior to pregnancy, during pregnancy, and 12 months following delivery were collected. Delivery information and infant data available in the maternal chart were also collected. | No adjustment for Delivery and Infant Outcomes. |
| Salvatore, 2026 | retrospective cohort | Clinical data of women with cystic fibrosis (WwCF) with at least one pregnancy were retrospectively collected from the Italian CF Registry (ICFR), including CF transmembrane conductance regulator protein modulators (CFTRm) therapy during the year of conception. | Clinical data of women with cystic fibrosis (WwCF) with at least one pregnancy were retrospectively collected from the Italian CF Registry (ICFR), including pregnancy duration (<37 or ≥ 37 weeks), type of labor, newborn’s weight and CF diagnosis. | None. |