| Study | Country Study period |
Population source | Exposure definition | Non-exposure definition | Sample size | Rmk |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chouchana (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2025 |
France 2018 - 2023 |
All singleton pregnancies lasting ≥22 weeks of gestation (WG), linked with a childbirth stay allowing assessment of pregnancy outcomes, and carried out between January 2018 and December 2023. | Females with cystic fibrosis (fwCF) and at least one prescription of CFTR modulators, specifically elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor (ELX/TEZ/IVA) filled from one month in the preconception period until delivery. |
unexposed, disease free
Females not having cystic fibrosis (CF). |
148 / 3879601 | Among 148 pregnancies, 136 were exposed during first trimester and treatment was maintained through whole pregnancy in 119 fwCF. (> 90%=> considered as at least T1). |
| Chouchana (Controls unexposed, sick), 2025 |
France 2018 - 2023 |
All singleton pregnancies lasting ≥22 weeks of gestation (WG), linked with a childbirth stay allowing assessment of pregnancy outcomes, and carried out between January 2018 and December 2023. | Females with cystic fibrosis (fwCF) and at least one prescription of CFTR modulators, specifically elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor (ELX/TEZ/IVA) filled from one month in the preconception period until delivery. |
unexposed, sick
Females with cystic fibrosis (fwCF) and no prescription of CFTR modulators from one month in the preconception period until delivery. |
148 / 451 | Among 148 pregnancies, 136 were exposed during first trimester and treatment was maintained through whole pregnancy in 119 fwCF. (> 90%=> considered as at least T1). |
| Jain, 2025 |
USA 2010 - 2021 |
All female individuals with Cystic Fibrosis (fwCF) who reported conception from January 1, 2010, to June 30, 2021, and treated in one of the 11 participating US adult CF centers. | Female individuals with Cystic Fibrosis (fwCF) treated with CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulator during any trimester of pregnancy. |
unexposed, sick
Female individuals with Cystic Fibrosis (fwCF) not treated with CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulator during pregnancy. |
114 / 193 | Results reported here => Sum of highly effective modulator therapy (HEMT) including ivacaftor or elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor; and other modulators including lumacaftor/ivacaftor and tezacaftor/ivacaftor. |
| Salvatore, 2026 |
Italia 2016 - 2023 |
Women with cystic fibrosis (WwCF) with at least one pregnancy over the 2016–2023 study period, registered in the from the Italian CF Registry (ICFR). | Women with cystic fibrosis (WwCF) on CF transmembrane conductance regulator protein modulators (CFTRm) therapy during pregnancy. |
unexposed, sick
Women with cystic fibrosis (WwCF) not on CF transmembrane conductance regulator protein modulators (CFTRm) during pregnancy. |
46 / 98 | In all exposed women: 42 continued throughout pregnancy and 4 suspended during the first trimester => > 90% Throughout pregnancy. 55 women were on CFTR modulator therapy before pregnancy: 45 ETI, 7 Ivacaftor, 2 Lumacaftor/Ivacaftor, 1 not specified. |
| Study | Country Study period |
Case | Control | Sample size | Rmk |
|---|
1 study, not fulfilled eligibility criteria, were excluded. See excluded tab for the list of these studies and reason of exclusion.