Gabapentin (All indications)

Study Reference
Arkilo, 2015

Arkilo D Pregnancy and neurodevelopmental outcomes with in-utero antiepileptic agent exposure. A pilot study. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2015;19:37-40

Battino (Gabapentin) (Epilepsy), 2024

Battino Risk of Major Congenital Malformations and Exposure to Antiseizure Medication Monotherapy. JAMA Neurol 2024; 81:481-489

Tomson T Dose-dependent risk of malformations with antiepileptic drugs: an analysis of data from the EURAP epilepsy and pregnancy registry. Lancet Neurol 2011;10:609-17

Bech (Other indications), 2018

Bech In utero exposure to antiepileptic drugs is associated with learning disabilities among offspring. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2018; 89:1324-1331

Bjørk (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick) (Mixed indications), 2022

Bjørk Association of Prenatal Exposure to Antiseizure Medication With Risk of Autism and Intellectual Disability. JAMA Neurol 2022; :

Bjørk (Controls unexposed NOS) (Mixed indications), 2022

Bjørk Association of Prenatal Exposure to Antiseizure Medication With Risk of Autism and Intellectual Disability. JAMA Neurol 2022; :

Bjørk (Controls unexposed, sick) (Mixed indications), 2022

Bjørk Association of Prenatal Exposure to Antiseizure Medication With Risk of Autism and Intellectual Disability. JAMA Neurol 2022; :

Blotière (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick) (Other indications), 2019

Blotière Risks of 23 specific malformations associated with prenatal exposure to 10 antiepileptic drugs. Neurology 2019; 93:e167-e180

Blotière (Controls unexposed NOS) (Other indications), 2019

Blotière Risks of 23 specific malformations associated with prenatal exposure to 10 antiepileptic drugs. Neurology 2019; 93:e167-e180

Bromley, 2016

Bromley Cognition in school-age children exposed to levetiracetam, topiramate, or sodium valproate. Neurology 2016; 87:1943-1953

Christensen (Gabapentin) (All indications) (Controls exposed to LTG), 2024

Christensen Prenatal exposure to antiseizure medications and fetal growth: a population-based cohort study from the Nordic countries. Lancet Reg Health Eur 2024; 38:100849

Christensen (Gabapentin) (All indications) (Controls unexposed, general population), 2024

Christensen Prenatal exposure to antiseizure medications and fetal growth: a population-based cohort study from the Nordic countries. Lancet Reg Health Eur 2024; 38:100849

Coste (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick) (Mixed indications), 2020

Blotière Risk of early neurodevelopmental outcomes associated with prenatal exposure to the antiepileptic drugs most commonly used during pregnancy: a French nationwide population-based cohort study. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e034829

Coste Risk of early neurodevelopmental disorders associated with in utero exposure to valproate and other antiepileptic drugs: a nationwide cohort study in France. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17362

Coste (Controls unexposed, NOS) (Mixed indications), 2020

Coste Risk of early neurodevelopmental disorders associated with in utero exposure to valproate and other antiepileptic drugs: a nationwide cohort study in France. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17362

Dean, 2002

Dean JC Long term health and neurodevelopment in children exposed to antiepileptic drugs before birth. J Med Genet 2002;39:251-9

Dreier (Controls exposed to LTG), 2023

Dreier Prenatal Exposure to Antiseizure Medication and Incidence of Childhood- and Adolescence-Onset Psychiatric Disorders. JAMA Neurol 2023; 80:568-577

Dreier (Controls unexposed, sick), 2023

Dreier Prenatal Exposure to Antiseizure Medication and Incidence of Childhood- and Adolescence-Onset Psychiatric Disorders. JAMA Neurol 2023; 80:568-577

Källén (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick) (Indications NOS), 2013

Källén B The use of central nervous system active drugs during pregnancy. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2013;6:1221-86

Wide K Major malformations in infants exposed to antiepileptic drugs in utero, with emphasis on carbamazepine and valproic acid: a nation-wide, population-based register study. Acta Paediatr 2004;93:174-6

Källén (Controls unexposed, NOS) (Indications NOS), 2013

Källén B The use of central nervous system active drugs during pregnancy. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2013;6:1221-86

Kilic (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick) (Mixed indications), 2014

Kilic D Birth outcomes after prenatal exposure to antiepileptic drugs--a population-based study. Epilepsia 2014;55:1714-21

Kilic (Controls unexposed NOS) (Mixed indications), 2014

Kilic D Birth outcomes after prenatal exposure to antiepileptic drugs--a population-based study. Epilepsia 2014;55:1714-21

Kilic (Controls unexposed, sick) (Mixed indications), 2014

Kilic D Birth outcomes after prenatal exposure to antiepileptic drugs--a population-based study. Epilepsia 2014;55:1714-21

Madley-Dowd_SE (Gabapentin) (Controls exposed to LTG) (Mixed indications), 2024

Madley-Dowd Antiseizure medication use during pregnancy and children's neurodevelopmental outcomes. Nat Commun 2024; 15:9640

Madley-Dowd_SE (Gabapentin) (Controls unexposed, general pop) (Mixed indications), 2024

Madley-Dowd Antiseizure medication use during pregnancy and children's neurodevelopmental outcomes. Nat Commun 2024; 15:9640

Madley-Dowd_SE (Gabapentin) (Controls unexposed, sibling) (Mixed indications), 2024

Madley-Dowd Antiseizure medication use during pregnancy and children's neurodevelopmental outcomes. Nat Commun 2024; 15:9640

Madley-Dowd_UK (Gabapentin) (Controls exposed to LTG) (Mixed indications), 2024

Madley-Dowd Antiseizure medication use during pregnancy and children's neurodevelopmental outcomes. Nat Commun 2024; 15:9640

Madley-Dowd_UK (Gabapentin) (Controls unexposed, general pop) (Mixed indications), 2024

Madley-Dowd Antiseizure medication use during pregnancy and children's neurodevelopmental outcomes. Nat Commun 2024; 15:9640

Madley-Dowd_UK (Gabapentin) (Controls unexposed, sibling) (Mixed indications), 2024

Madley-Dowd Antiseizure medication use during pregnancy and children's neurodevelopmental outcomes. Nat Commun 2024; 15:9640

Mawer (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2010

Kini Influence of the MTHFR genotype on the rate of malformations following exposure to antiepileptic drugs in utero. Eur J Med Genet ; 50:411-20

Mawer G Pregnancy with epilepsy: obstetric and neonatal outcome of a controlled study. Seizure 2010;19:112-9

Mawer (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2010

Kini Influence of the MTHFR genotype on the rate of malformations following exposure to antiepileptic drugs in utero. Eur J Med Genet ; 50:411-20

Mawer G Pregnancy with epilepsy: obstetric and neonatal outcome of a controlled study. Seizure 2010;19:112-9

Mawer (Controls unexposed, sick), 2010

Kini Influence of the MTHFR genotype on the rate of malformations following exposure to antiepileptic drugs in utero. Eur J Med Genet ; 50:411-20

Mawer G Pregnancy with epilepsy: obstetric and neonatal outcome of a controlled study. Seizure 2010;19:112-9

Miškov (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2016

Miskov Croatian Pregnant Women with Epilepsy and Effects of Antiepileptic Drugs Exposure in their Offspring - seven years of prospective surveillance. American Epilepsy Society; Texas 2010

Miškov The Croatian Model of Integrative Prospective Management of Epilepsy and Pregnancy Acta Clin Croat 2016; 55:535-548

Miškov (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2016

Miskov Croatian Pregnant Women with Epilepsy and Effects of Antiepileptic Drugs Exposure in their Offspring - seven years of prospective surveillance. American Epilepsy Society; Texas 2010

Miškov The Croatian Model of Integrative Prospective Management of Epilepsy and Pregnancy Acta Clin Croat 2016; 55:535-548

Miškov (Controls unexposed, sick), 2016

Miskov Croatian Pregnant Women with Epilepsy and Effects of Antiepileptic Drugs Exposure in their Offspring - seven years of prospective surveillance. American Epilepsy Society; Texas 2010

Miškov The Croatian Model of Integrative Prospective Management of Epilepsy and Pregnancy Acta Clin Croat 2016; 55:535-548

Morrow (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2006

Morrow J Malformation risks of antiepileptic drugs in pregnancy: a prospective study from the UK Epilepsy and Pregnancy Register. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2006;77:193-8

Morrow (Controls unexposed, sick), 2006

Morrow J Malformation risks of antiepileptic drugs in pregnancy: a prospective study from the UK Epilepsy and Pregnancy Register. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2006;77:193-8

Razaz (Epilepsy), 2024

Razaz Risk of Perinatal and Maternal Morbidity and Mortality Among Pregnant Women With Epilepsy. JAMA Neurol 2024; 81:985-995

The NAAED (Controls exposed to LTG) (Indications NOS), 2023

Hernández-Díaz Comparative safety of antiepileptic drugs during pregnancy. Neurology 2012;78:1692-9

Lewis B. Holmes, M.D. (Director) Risk of malformations for specific AED in monotherapy and the control groups (Latest Study Data - October 2023) https://www.aedpregnancyregistry.org/ (Consulted 05/2022)

Lewis Holmes Risk of malformations for specific AED in monotherapy and the control groups. Latest Study Data - October 2023. https://www.aedpregnancyregistry.org/ (Consulted September 2024)

The NAAED (Controls unexposed, disease free) (Indications NOS), 2023

Hernández-Díaz Comparative safety of antiepileptic drugs during pregnancy. Neurology 2012;78:1692-9

Lewis B. Holmes, M.D. (Director) Risk of malformations for specific AED in monotherapy and the control groups (Annual Update for 2022) https://www.aedpregnancyregistry.org/ (Consulted 05/2022)

Lewis Holmes Risk of malformations for specific AED in monotherapy and the control groups. Latest Study Data - October 2023. https://www.aedpregnancyregistry.org/ (Consulted September 2024)

Wyszynski Increased rate of major malformations in offspring exposed to valproate during pregnancy. Neurology 2005; 64:961-5

Vajda (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2013

Jazayeri Outcomes of pregnancies in women taking antiepileptic drugs for non-epilepsy indications. Seizure 2018; 56:111-114

Vajda Is lamotrigine a significant human teratogen? Observations from the Australian Pregnancy Register. Seizure 2010; 19:558-61

Vajda Associations between particular types of fetal malformation and antiepileptic drug exposure in utero. Acta Neurol. Scand. 2013; 128:228-34

Vajda The teratogenic risk of antiepileptic drug polytherapy. Epilepsia 2010; 51:805-10

Vajda The Australian Register of Antiepileptic Drugs in Pregnancy: the first 1002 pregnancies. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol 2007; 47:468-74

Vajda FJ The teratogenicity of the newer antiepileptic drugs - an update. Acta Neurol Scand 2014;130:234-8

Vajda (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2018

Vajda Anti-epileptic drug exposure and risk of foetal death in utero. Acta Neurol Scand 2018; 137:20-23

Vajda (Controls unexposed, sick), 2013

Jazayeri Outcomes of pregnancies in women taking antiepileptic drugs for non-epilepsy indications. Seizure 2018; 56:111-114

Vajda Is lamotrigine a significant human teratogen? Observations from the Australian Pregnancy Register. Seizure 2010; 19:558-61

Vajda Associations between particular types of fetal malformation and antiepileptic drug exposure in utero. Acta Neurol. Scand. 2013; 128:228-34

Vajda The teratogenic risk of antiepileptic drug polytherapy. Epilepsia 2010; 51:805-10

Vajda The Australian Register of Antiepileptic Drugs in Pregnancy: the first 1002 pregnancies. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol 2007; 47:468-74

Vajda FJ The teratogenicity of the newer antiepileptic drugs - an update. Acta Neurol Scand 2014;130:234-8

Vajda (Controls unexposed, sick), 2018

Vajda Anti-epileptic drug exposure and risk of foetal death in utero. Acta Neurol Scand 2018; 137:20-23

Wood, 2015

Wood Prospective assessment of autism traits in children exposed to antiepileptic drugs during pregnancy. Epilepsia 2015; 56:1047-55