Carbimazole, Thiamazole (Methimazole)

Study Reference
Andersen (control exposed to PTU), 2019

Andersen Maternal thyroid function, use of antithyroid drugs in early pregnancy and birth defects. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2019; :

Andersen (control unexposed, disease free), 2019

Andersen Maternal thyroid function, use of antithyroid drugs in early pregnancy and birth defects. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2019; :

Andersen 2014 (control unexposed, disease free), 2014

Andersen Antithyroid drugs and congenital heart defects: ventricular septal defect is part of the methimazole/carbimazole embryopathy. Eur J Endocrinol. 2014 Nov;171(5):C1-3. doi: 10.1530/EJE-14-0524. Epub 2014 Jul 28.

Andersen 2017 (control exposed to PTU), 2017

Andersen Birth defects after use of antithyroid drugs in early pregnancy: a Swedish nationwide study. Eur. J. Endocrinol. 2017; 177:369-378

Andersen 2017 (control unexposed, disease free), 2017

Andersen Birth defects after use of antithyroid drugs in early pregnancy: a Swedish nationwide study. Eur. J. Endocrinol. 2017; 177:369-378

Andersen 2017 (control unexposed, sick), 2017

Andersen Birth defects after use of antithyroid drugs in early pregnancy: a Swedish nationwide study. Eur. J. Endocrinol. 2017; 177:369-378

Azizi, 2002

Azizi Thyroid function and intellectual development of children of mothers taking methimazole during pregnancy J Endocrinol Invest. 2002;25(7):586-9.

Banhidy, 2011

Banhidy Possible association between hyperthyroidism in pregnant women and obstructive congenital abnormalities of urinary tract in their offspring--a population-based case-control study. J. Matern. Fetal. Neonatal. Med. 2011; 24:305-12

Barbero, 2008

Barbero Choanal atresia associated with maternal hyperthyroidism treated with methimazole: a case-control study. Am. J. Med. Genet. A 2008; 146A:2390-5

Chen (control exposed to PTU), 2011

Chen Risk of adverse perinatal outcomes with antithyroid treatment during pregnancy: a nationwide population-based study. BJOG 2011; 118:1365-73

Chen (control unexposed, disease free), 2011

Chen Risk of adverse perinatal outcomes with antithyroid treatment during pregnancy: a nationwide population-based study. BJOG 2011; 118:1365-73

Chen (control unexposed, sick), 2011

Chen Risk of adverse perinatal outcomes with antithyroid treatment during pregnancy: a nationwide population-based study. BJOG 2011; 118:1365-73

Clementi, 2010

Clementi Treatment of hyperthyroidism in pregnancy and birth defects. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2010; 95:E337-41

Di Gianantonio, 2001

Di Gianantonio Adverse effects of prenatal methimazole exposure. Teratology 2001; 64:262-6

Dwarakanath (control exposed to PTU), 1999

Dwarakanath Graves' Disease during pregnancy--results of antithyroid drug therapy. Singapore Med J 1999; 40:70-3

Gianetti (control exposed to PTU), 2015

Gianetti Pregnancy outcome in women treated with methimazole or propylthiouracil during pregnancy. J. Endocrinol. Invest. 2015; 38:977-85

Gianetti (control unexposed, sick), 2015

Gianetti Pregnancy outcome in women treated with methimazole or propylthiouracil during pregnancy. J. Endocrinol. Invest. 2015; 38:977-85

Hawken (control exposed to PTU), 2016

Hawken Management of Graves' disease during pregnancy in the Poitou-Charentes Region. Ann. Endocrinol. (Paris) 2016; 77:570-577

Khoury, 1989

Khoury Maternal thyroid disease and risk of birth defects in offspring: a population-based case-control study. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol 1989; 3:402-20

Korelitz (control exposed to PTU), 2013

Korelitz Prevalence of thyrotoxicosis, antithyroid medication use, and complications among pregnant women in the United States. Thyroid 2013; 23:758-65

Korelitz (control unexposed, disease free), 2013

Korelitz Prevalence of thyrotoxicosis, antithyroid medication use, and complications among pregnant women in the United States. Thyroid 2013; 23:758-65

Korelitz (control unexposed, sick), 2013

Korelitz Prevalence of thyrotoxicosis, antithyroid medication use, and complications among pregnant women in the United States. Thyroid 2013; 23:758-65

Lo (control exposed to PTU), 2015

Lo Gestational thyrotoxicosis, antithyroid drug use and neonatal outcomes within an integrated healthcare delivery system. Thyroid 2015; 25:698-705

Lo (control unexposed, sick), 2015

Lo Gestational thyrotoxicosis, antithyroid drug use and neonatal outcomes within an integrated healthcare delivery system. Thyroid 2015; 25:698-705

McCarroll (Buckinghamshire control group), 1976

McCarroll Long-term assessment of children exposed in utero to carbimazole. Arch. Dis. Child. 1976; 51:532-6

McCarroll (Northern Ireland control group), 1976

McCarroll Long-term assessment of children exposed in utero to carbimazole. Arch. Dis. Child. 1976; 51:532-6

Momotani, 1984

Momotani Maternal hyperthyroidism and congenital malformation in the offspring. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 1984;20(6):695-700.

Momotani (control exposed to PTU), 1997

Momotani Effects of propylthiouracil and methimazole on fetal thyroid status in mothers with Graves' hyperthyroidism. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 1997; 82:3633-6

Seo (control exposed to PTU), 2018

Seo Antithyroid Drugs and Congenital Malformations: A Nationwide Korean Cohort Study. Ann. Intern. Med. 2018; 168:405-413

Seo (control unexposed, NOS), 2018

Seo Antithyroid Drugs and Congenital Malformations: A Nationwide Korean Cohort Study. Ann. Intern. Med. 2018; 168:405-413

Wing (control exposed to PTU), 1994

Wing A comparison of propylthiouracil versus methimazole in the treatment of hyperthyroidism in pregnancy. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 1994; 170:90-5

Wing (control unexposed, sick), 1994

Wing A comparison of propylthiouracil versus methimazole in the treatment of hyperthyroidism in pregnancy. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 1994; 170:90-5

Yoshihara (control exposed to PTU), 2012

Yoshihara Treatment of graves' disease with antithyroid drugs in the first trimester of pregnancy and the prevalence of congenital malformation. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2012; 97:2396-403

Yoshihara (control unexposed, sick), 2012

Yoshihara Treatment of graves' disease with antithyroid drugs in the first trimester of pregnancy and the prevalence of congenital malformation. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2012; 97:2396-403

Yoshihara (Controls exposed to PTU), 2021

Yoshihara Exposure to Propylthiouracil in the First Trimester of Pregnancy and Birth Defects: A Study at a Single Institution. J Endocr Soc 2021; 5:bvaa204

Yoshihara (Controls unexposed, sick), 2021

Yoshihara Exposure to Propylthiouracil in the First Trimester of Pregnancy and Birth Defects: A Study at a Single Institution. J Endocr Soc 2021; 5:bvaa204