metaPreg - Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists during pregnancy

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists updated on 01-05-2026

Table Graphic exposition period:

Adverse outcome	OR 95%CI	I2	k	No. cases	No. exposed	publication bias	ROB	E-value
Congenital malformations
All congenital malformations (majors, minors, majors and minors, or unspecified)	1.00 [0.72, 1.38]	0%	7 studies	8,464	734	not evaluable	ROB	-
Major congenital malformations	1.00 [0.72, 1.38]	0%	7 studies	8,464	734	not evaluable	ROB	-
Congenital heart defects	0.48 [0.24, 0.96]	0%	3 studies	77	461	not evaluable	ROB	3.62 [.; 1.26]
Digestive system anomalies	-	-	0 study					-
Ear, face and neck anomalies	-	-	0 study					-
Eye defects	-	-	0 study					-
Genital anomalies	-	-	0 study					-
Limb defects	-	-	0 study					-
Nervous system anomalies	-	-	0 study					-
Oro-facial clefts	-	-	0 study					-
Respiratory system anomalies	-	-	0 study					-
Urinary malformations	-	-	0 study					-
Growth parameters and prematurity
Adverse outcome	OR 95%CI	I2	k	No. cases	No. exposed	publication bias	ROB	E-value
Preterm (< 37 weeks)	1.32 [0.91, 1.91]	70%	5 studies	41,812	41,228	not evaluable	ROB	-
Small for gestational age (weight)	0.63 [0.35, 1.14]	0%	4 studies	9,502	298	not evaluable	ROB	-
Large for gestational age (weight)	2.67 [0.96, 7.40]	75%	3 studies	4,251	232	not evaluable	ROB	-
Maternal consequences
Adverse outcome	OR 95%CI	I2	k	No. cases	No. exposed	publication bias	ROB	E-value
Caesarean	1.25 [1.22, 1.28]	-	1 study	69,223	40,929	not evaluable	ROB	1.81 [1.75; .]
Preeclampsia	0.47 [0.25, 0.89]	-	1 study	96	90	not evaluable	ROB	3.68 [.; 1.51]
2 non statistically significant endpoints reported in only one study
Neonatal disorders
Adverse outcome	OR 95%CI	I2	k	No. cases	No. exposed	publication bias	ROB	E-value
Jaundice / Icterus	3.31 [1.11, 9.90]	-	1 study	5,952	29	not evaluable	ROB	6.08 [1.45; .]
Neonatal hypoglycemia	7.89 [1.92, 32.39]	-	1 study	1,451	29	not evaluable	ROB	15.26 [3.25; .]
Neonatal medical care	-	-	0 study					-
1 non statistically significant endpoints reported in only one study
Intrauterine deaths
Adverse outcome	OR 95%CI	I2	k	No. cases	No. exposed	publication bias	ROB	E-value
Early intrauterine deaths (< 22 weeks) / Spontaneous abortions	1.34 [1.29, 1.39]	0%	2 studies	13,872	41,097	not evaluable	ROB	2.01 [1.90; .]
Late intrauterine deaths (> 22 weeks) / Stillbirths	0.66 [0.17, 2.53]	8%	2 studies	14	182	not evaluable	ROB	-
3 non statistically significant endpoints reported in only one study