Clomiphene

Table   Graphic     exposition period:

Congenital malformations
Adverse outcome OR 95%CII2k No. casesNo. exposedpublication biasROBE-value
Neural Tube Defects1.50 [1.00, 2.25]0%6 studies2,9532,488not evaluable ROB-
All congenital malformations (majors, minors, majors and minors, or unspecified)1.15 [0.98, 1.35]0%4 studies28,9732,286not evaluable ROB-
Hypospadias1.42 [0.93, 2.17]21%5 studies5,3602,181not evaluable ROB-
Major congenital malformations1.13 [0.95, 1.34]0%3 studies28,9532,286not evaluable ROB-
Spina bifida2.80 [0.20, 38.54]89%2 studies706138not evaluable ROB-
Craniosynostosis2.04 [1.34, 3.11]0%3 studies9012,001not evaluable ROB3.51 [2.03; .]
Cleft lip with or without cleft palate1.20 [0.75, 1.91]2%2 studies3,072219not evaluable ROB-
Minor congenital malformations4.44 [1.81, 10.91]-1 study20262not evaluable ROB8.35 [3.01; .]
Ventricular septal defect1.40 [0.81, 2.42]5%2 studies1,3801,986not evaluable ROB-
Oesophageal atresia with or without tracheo-oesophageal fistula2.41 [1.41, 4.11]0%2 studies4141,971not evaluable ROB4.24 [2.17; .]
Cardiac septal defects1.60 [1.13, 2.26]-1 study3,320168not evaluable ROB2.58 [1.52; .]
Coarctation of aorta1.80 [1.09, 2.97]-1 study603114not evaluable ROB3.00 [1.40; .]
Omphalocele2.20 [1.09, 4.45]-1 study254103not evaluable ROB3.82 [1.40; .]
22 non statistically significant endpoints reported in only one study

Growth parameters and prematurity
Adverse outcome OR 95%CII2k No. casesNo. exposedpublication biasROBE-value
Preterm (< 37 weeks)1.28 [0.83, 1.96]52%2 studies1071,598not evaluable ROB-
Low birth weight (< 2500g)1.43 [1.08, 1.91]0%2 studies901,593not evaluable ROB2.22 [1.37; .]
Small for gestational age (weight)1.39 [1.05, 1.83]12%2 studies5,3981,659not evaluable ROB2.12 [1.30; .]
1 non statistically significant endpoints reported in only one study

Maternal consequences
Adverse outcome OR 95%CII2k No. casesNo. exposedpublication biasROBE-value

Neonatal disorders
Adverse outcome OR 95%CII2k No. casesNo. exposedpublication biasROBE-value

Long term consequences
Adverse outcome OR 95%CII2k No. casesNo. exposedpublication biasROBE-value
1 non statistically significant endpoints reported in only one study

Intrauterine deaths
Adverse outcome OR 95%CII2k No. casesNo. exposedpublication biasROBE-value
Early intrauterine death (< 22 weeks)1.82 [1.16, 2.85]-1 study99309not evaluable ROB3.04 [1.60; .]
4 non statistically significant endpoints reported in only one study