Clomiphene

Table   Graphic     exposition period:

Congenital malformations
Adverse outcome OR 95%CII2k No. casesNo. exposedpublication biasROBE-value
Neural Tube Defects1.50 [1.00, 2.25]0%6 studies2,9532,488not evaluable ROB-
All congenital malformations (majors, minors, majors and minors, or unspecified)1.15 [0.98, 1.35]0%4 studies28,9732,286not evaluable ROB-
Hypospadias1.42 [0.93, 2.17]21%5 studies5,3602,181not evaluable ROB-
Major congenital malformations1.13 [0.95, 1.34]0%3 studies28,9532,286not evaluable ROB-
Spina bifida2.80 [0.20, 38.54]89%2 studies706138not evaluable ROB-
Congenital heart defects1.30 [0.60, 2.81]-1 study4,479110not evaluable ROB-
Craniosynostosis2.04 [1.34, 3.11]0%3 studies9012,001not evaluable ROB3.51 [2.03; .]
Cleft lip with or without cleft palate1.20 [0.75, 1.91]2%2 studies3,072219not evaluable ROB-
Encephalocele2.70 [0.93, 7.85]-1 study13398not evaluable ROB-
Minor congenital malformations4.44 [1.81, 10.91]-1 study20262not evaluable ROB8.35 [3.01; .]
Nervous system anomalies0.92 [0.51, 1.66]-1 study8391,861not evaluable ROB-
Ventricular septal defect1.40 [0.81, 2.42]5%2 studies1,3801,986not evaluable ROB-
Ano-rectal atresia and stenosis1.20 [0.61, 2.35]-1 study592104not evaluable ROB-
Anotia2.10 [0.97, 4.55]-1 study383101not evaluable ROB-
Cleft palate0.80 [0.41, 1.55]-1 study883102not evaluable ROB-
Club foot / Talipes equinovarus1.20 [0.39, 3.65]-1 study2,424102not evaluable ROB-
Digestive system anomalies1.41 [0.63, 3.14]-1 study3091,861not evaluable ROB-
Hydrocephaly1.10 [0.42, 2.91]-1 study29099not evaluable ROB-
Oesophageal atresia with or without tracheo-oesophageal fistula2.41 [1.41, 4.11]0%2 studies4141,971not evaluable ROB4.24 [2.17; .]
Polydactyly0.46 [0.11, 1.85]-1 study1,74498not evaluable ROB-
Atresia of bile ducts1.40 [0.32, 6.16]-1 study10597not evaluable ROB-
Atresia or stenosis of other parts of small intestine1.40 [0.51, 3.86]-1 study25798not evaluable ROB-
Atrial septal defect1.50 [0.99, 2.27]-1 study1,934133not evaluable ROB-
Atrioventricular septal defect1.10 [0.32, 3.76]-1 study17097not evaluable ROB-
Cardiac septal defects1.60 [1.13, 2.26]-1 study3,320168not evaluable ROB2.58 [1.52; .]
Choanal atresia2.70 [0.92, 7.95]-1 study8298not evaluable ROB-
Coarctation of aorta1.80 [1.09, 2.97]-1 study603114not evaluable ROB3.00 [1.40; .]
Congenital cataract1.30 [0.50, 3.39]-1 study20880not evaluable ROB-
Congenital constriction bands/amniotic band1.40 [0.41, 4.75]-1 study20097not evaluable ROB-
Diaphragmatic hernia1.20 [0.60, 2.40]-1 study488103not evaluable ROB-
Hypoplastic left heart (HLH/HLHS)1.30 [0.60, 2.81]-1 study343102not evaluable ROB-
Omphalocele2.20 [1.09, 4.45]-1 study254103not evaluable ROB3.82 [1.40; .]
Pulmonary valve stenosis1.30 [0.73, 2.30]-1 study829109not evaluable ROB-
Tetralogy of Fallot1.10 [0.59, 2.06]-1 study630105not evaluable ROB-
Transposition of the great vessels0.40 [0.11, 1.50]-1 study44397not evaluable ROB-

Growth parameters and prematurity
Adverse outcome OR 95%CII2k No. casesNo. exposedpublication biasROBE-value
Preterm (< 37 weeks)1.28 [0.83, 1.96]52%2 studies1071,598not evaluable ROB-
Low birth weight (< 2500g)1.43 [1.08, 1.91]0%2 studies901,593not evaluable ROB2.22 [1.37; .]
Macrosomia (> 4000g)0.93 [0.68, 1.27]-1 study362236not evaluable ROB-
Small for gestational age (weight)1.39 [1.05, 1.83]12%2 studies5,3981,659not evaluable ROB2.12 [1.30; .]

Maternal consequences
Adverse outcome OR 95%CII2k No. casesNo. exposedpublication biasROBE-value

Neonatal disorders
Adverse outcome OR 95%CII2k No. casesNo. exposedpublication biasROBE-value

Long term consequences
Adverse outcome OR 95%CII2k No. casesNo. exposedpublication biasROBE-value
Neuroblastoma0.50 [0.20, 1.22]-1 study45921not evaluable ROB-

Intrauterine deaths
Adverse outcome OR 95%CII2k No. casesNo. exposedpublication biasROBE-value
Early intrauterine death (< 22 weeks)1.82 [1.16, 2.85]-1 study99309not evaluable ROB3.04 [1.60; .]
Ectopic pregnancy4.02 [0.56, 28.65]-1 study4309not evaluable ROB-
Elective/induced termination of pregnancy0.74 [0.43, 1.28]-1 study101309not evaluable ROB-
Late intrauterine deaths (> 22 weeks)0.57 [0.07, 4.65]-1 study8309not evaluable ROB-
Therapeutic terminations of pregnancy1.20 [0.33, 4.39]-1 study13309not evaluable ROB-

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